• Skip to main content
  • Skip to secondary menu
  • Skip to primary sidebar
  • Skip to footer
  • NCERT Solutions
    • NCERT Books
  • Class 10
  • Class 9
  • Class 8
  • Class 7
  • Class 6
  • Class 11
  • Class 12
  • MCQ Questions
    • CBSE MCQ

Learn Insta

RD Sharma Solutions , RS Aggarwal Solutions and NCERT Solutions

  • Extra Questions
  • CBSE Notes
  • RD Sharma Solutions
    • RD Sharma Class 12 Solutions
    • RD Sharma Class 11 Solutions
    • RD Sharma Class 10 Solutions
    • RD Sharma Class 9 Solutions
    • RD Sharma Class 8 Solutions
  • RS Aggarwal Solutions
    • RS Aggarwal Solutions Class 10
    • RS Aggarwal Solutions Class 9
    • RS Aggarwal Solutions Class 8
    • RS Aggarwal Solutions Class 7
    • RS Aggarwal Solutions Class 6
  • ML Aggarwal Solutions
    • ML Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions
    • ML Aggarwal Class 9 Solutions
    • ML Aggarwal Class 8 Solutions
    • ML Aggarwal Class 7 Solutions
    • ML Aggarwal Class 6 Solutions
  • English Grammar
    • English Summaries
    • Unseen Passages

Biology | Definition, History, Explanations and Examples of Biological Concepts

April 28, 2021 by Veerendra

Learn Biology Online – Definitions, Topics and Importance of Biology

Bio Botany – Chapters with Concepts

Asexual and Sexual Reproduction in Plants

  • Asexual Reproduction
  • Vegetative Reproduction
  • Sexual Reproduction
  • Pre-Fertilization Structure and Events
  • Fertilization
  • Post Fertilization Structure and Events
  • Apomixis
  • Polyembryony
  • Parthenocarpy

Classical Genetics

  • Heredity And Variation
  • Mendelism
  • Laws Of Mendelian Inheritance
  • Monohybrid, Dihybrid, Cross, Backcross And Testcross
  • Interaction Of Genes -Intragenic And Intergenic Incomplete Dominance, Lethal Genes, Epistasis
  • Polygenic Inheritance In Wheat Kernel Colour, Pleiotropy – Pisum Sativum
  • Extra Chromosomal Inheritance- Cytoplasmic Inheritance In Chloroplast

Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

  • Chromosomal Theory Of Inheritance
  • Linkage – Eye Colour In Drosophila And Seed Colour In Maize
  • Crossing Over, Recombination And Gene Mapping
  • Multiple Alleles
  • Mutation-Types, Mutagenic Agents And Their Significance

Principles and Processes of Biotechnology

  • Development Of Biotechnology
  • Methods Of Biotechnology
  • Advancements In Modern Biotechnology
  • Tools For Genetic Engineering
  • Methods Of Gene Transfer
  • Screening For Recombiants
  • Transgenic Plants / Genetically Modified Crops
  • Applications Of Biotechnology

Plant Tissue Culture

  • Basic Concepts In Plant Disuse Culture
  • Plant Tissue Culture Techniques and Types
  • Plant Regeneration Pathway
  • Applications of Plant Tissue Culture
  • Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources
  • Intellectual Rights of Property (Ipr), Biosafety and Bioethics
  • Future Biotechnology

Principles of Ecology

  • Ecology
  • Ecological Factors
  • Ecological Adaptations
  • Dispersal of Seeds and Fruits

Ecosystem

  • Structure Of Ecosystem
  • Functions Of Ecosystem
  • Plant Succession

Environmental Issues

  • Green House Effect, Ozone Depletion
  • Forestry
  • Deforestation
  • Afforestation
  • Alien Invasive Species
  • Conservation
  • Carbon Capture And Storage (CCS)

Plant Breeding

  • Relationship Between Human and Plants
  • Domestication Of Plants
  • Origin Of Agriculture
  • History Of Agriculture
  • Organic Agriculture
  • Plant Breeding
  • Conventional Plant Breeding Methods
  • Modern Plant Breeding Techniques

Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany

  • Food Plants
  • Spices And Condiments
  • Fibre
  • Timber
  • Latex
  • Pulp Wood
  • Dye
  • Cosmetics
  • Traditional System Of Medicines
  • Medicinal Plants
  • Entrepreneurial Botany

Diversity of Living World 

  • Attributes of Living Organisms
  • Viruses
  • Classification of Living World
  • Bacteria
  • Fungi

Plant Kingdom 

  • Classification of Plants
  • Life Cycle Patterns in Plants
  • Algae
  • Bryophytes
  • Pteridophytes
  • Gymnosperms
  • Angiosperms

Vegatative Morphology 

  • Habit
  • Plant Habitat
  • Life Span
  • Parts of a Flowering Plant
  • Root System 
  • Shoot System
  • Leaf

Reproductive Morphology 

  • Inflorescene
  • Flower
  • Accessory Organs
  • Androecium
  • Gynoecium
  • Construction of Floral Diagram and Floral Formula
  • Fruits
  • Seed

Taxonomy and Systematic Botany

  • Taxonomy and Systematics
  • Taxonomic Hierarchy
  • Concept of species – Morphological, Biological and Phylogenetic
  • International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN)
  • Taxonomic Aids
  • Botanical Gardens
  • Herbarium – Preparation and Uses
  • Classification of Plants
  • Need for Classification
  • Types of Classification
  • Modern Trends in Taxonomy
  • Cladistics
  • Selected Families of Angiosperms

Cell: The Unit of Life 

  • Discovery
  • Microscopy
  • Cell Theory
  • Types of Cells
  • Plant and Animal Cell
  • Cell Organelles
  • Nucleus
  • Flagella

Cell Biology and Biomolecules 

  • Nuclear Divisions
  • Cell Cycle
  • Cell Division

Cell Biology and Biomolecules 

  • Water
  • Primary and Secondary Metabolites
  • Carbohydrates and its Types
  • Lipids
  • Proteins
  • Enzymes 
  • Nucleic Acids

Tissue and Tissue System 

  • Meristematic Tissue
  • Permanent Tissues
  • The Tissue System
  • Epidermal Tissue System
  • Fundamental Tissue System
  • Vascular Tissue System
  • Comparision of Primary Structure – Dicot and Monocot Root – Stem and Leaf

Secondary Growth 

  • Secondary Growth in Dicot Stem
  • Secondary Growth in Dicot Root

Transport in Plants 

  • Types of Transport
  • Cell to Cell Transport
  • Plant Water Relations
  • Absorption of Water
  • Ascent of Sap
  • Transpiration
  • Translocation of Organic Solutes
  • Mineral Absorption

Mineral Nutrition 

  • Classification of Minerals
  • Functions – Mode of Absorption and Deficiency Symptoms of Macronutrients
  • Functions – Mode of Absorption and Deficiency Symptoms of Micronutrients
  • Deficiency Diseases and Symptoms
  • Critical Concentration and Toxicity of Minerals
  • Hydroponics and Aeroponics
  • Nitrogen Fixation
  • Nitrogen Cycle and Nitrogen Metabolism
  • Special Modes of Nutrition

Photosynthesis 

  • Definition, Significance and Site of Photosynthesis
  • Photosynthetic Pigments
  • Spectrum of Electromagnetic Radiation
  • Photosynthetic Unit (Quantasome)
  • Absorption Spectrum and Action Spectrum
  • Emerson’s Experiments and Hill’s Reaction
  • Modern Concept of Photosynthesis
  • Photo – Oxidation Phase of Light Reaction
  • Photo Chemical Phase of Light Reaction
  • Photophosphorylation
  • Dark Reaction or Cycle or Biosynthetic Phase or Photosynthetic Carbon Reduction (PCR) Cycle
  • Hatch & Slack Pathway or Cycle or Dicarboxylic Acid Pathway or Dicarboxylation Pathway
  • Crassulacean Acid Metabolism or CAM Cycle
  • Photorespiration or Cycle or Photosynthetic Carbon Oxidation (PCO) Cycle
  • Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
  • Photosynthesis in Bacteria

Respiration 

  • Gaseous Exchange
  • Structure of ATP
  • Redox Reactions
  • Types of Respiration
  • Stages of Respiration
  • Respiratory Quotient
  • Anaerobic Respiration
  • Factors Affecting Respiration
  • Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Plant Growth and Development 

  • Characteristics of Growth
  • Plant Growth Regulators
  • Photoperiodism
  • Vernalization
  • Seed Germination and Dormancy
  • Senescene

Bio Zoology – Chapters with Concepts

Reproduction in Organisms

  • Modes Of Reproduction
  • Asexual Reproduction
  • Sexual Reproduction

Human Reproduction

  • Human Reproductive System
  • Gametogenesis
  • Menstrual Cycle
  • Fertilization And Implantation
  • Maintenance Of Pregnancy And Embryonic Development
  • Parturition And Lactation

Reproductive Health

  • Need For Reproductive Health Problems And Strategies
  • Amniocentesis And Its Statutory Ban
  • Social Impact Of Sex Ratio, Female Foeticide And Infanticide
  • Population Explosion And Birth Control
  • Medical Termination Of Pregnancy (MTP)
  • Sexually Transmitted Diseases (Std)
  • Infertility
  • Assisted Reproductive Technology (Art)
  • Detection Of Foetal Disorders During Early Pregnancy

Principles of Inheritance and Variation

  • Multiple Alleles
  • Human Blood Groups
  • Genetic Control Of Rh Factor
  • Sex Determination
  • Sex Linked Inheritance
  • Karyotyping
  • Pedigree Analysis
  • Mendelian Disorders
  • Chromosomal Abnormalities

Molecular Genetics

  • Gene As The Functional Unit Of Inheritance
  • In Search Of The Genetic Material
  • DNA Is The Genetic Material
  • Chemistry Of Nucleic Acids
  • Rna World
  • Properties Of Genetic Material
  • Packaging Of DNA Helix
  • DNA Replication
  • Transcription
  • Genetic Code
  • Rna – The Adapter Molecule
  • Translation
  • Regulation Of Gene Expression
  • Human Genome Project (HGP)
  • DNA Finger Printing Technique

Evolution

  • Origin Of Life – Evolution Of Life Forms
  • Geological Time Scale
  • Biological Evolution
  • Evidences For Biological Evolution
  • Theories Of Biological Evolution
  • Mechanism Of Evolution
  • Hardy Weinberg Principle
  • Origin And Evolution Of Man

Human Health and Diseases

  • Common Diseases In Human Beings
  • Maintenance Of Personal And Public Hygiene
  • Basic Concepts Of Immunology
  • Immunodeficiency Diseases
  • Autoimmune Diseases
  • Adolescence – Drug And Alcohol Abuse
  • Mental Health – Depression

Microbes in Human Welfare

  • Microbes In Household Products
  • Microbes In Industrial Products
  • Microbes In Sewage Treatment And Energy Generation
  • Microbes In The Production Of Biogas
  • Bioremediation

Applications of Biotechnology

  • Applications In Medicine
  • Gene Therapy
  • Stem Cell Therapy
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Transgenic Animals
  • Biological Products And Their Uses
  • Animal Cloning
  • Ethical Issues

Organisms and Population

  • Organism and Its Environment
  • Habitat
  • Major Abiotic Components Or Factors
  • Concept Of Biome And Their Distribution
  • Responses To Abiotic Factors
  • Adaptations
  • Populations
  • Population Attributes
  • Population Age Distribution
  • Growth Models / Curves
  • Population Regulation
  • Population Interaction

Biodiversity and its Conservation

  • Biodiversity
  • Importance Of Biodiversity – Global And India
  • Biogeographical Regions Of India
  • Threats To Biodiversity
  • Causes Of Biodiversity Loss
  • IUCN
  • Biodiversity And Its Conservation

Environmental Issues

  • Pollution
  • Air Pollution
  • Water Pollution
  • Noise Pollution
  • Agrochemicals
  • Biomagnification
  • Eutrophication
  • Organic Farming And Its Implementation
  • Solid Waste Management
  • Ecosan Toilets

The Living World 

  • Diversity in the Living World
  • Need for Classification
  • Taxonomy and Systematics
  • Three Domains of Life
  • Taxonomic Hierarchy
  • Nomenclature
  • Concept of Species
  • Tools for Study of Taxonomy

Kingdom Animalia 

  • Basis of Classification
  • Classification of Kingdom Animalia
  • Non Chrodates
  • Phylum: Chordata

Tissue Level of Organisation 

  • Animal Tissues
  • Epithelial Tissue
  • Connective Tissue
  • Muscle Tissue
  • Neural Tissue

Organ and Organ Systems in Animals 

  • Earthworm – Lampito mauritii
  • Cockroach – Periplaneta Americana
  • Frog – Rana Hexadactyla

Digestion and Absorption 

  • Digestive System
  • Digestion of Food and Role of Digestive Enzymes
  • Absorption and assimilation of Proteins, carbohydrates and fats
  • Caloric Value of Carbohydrates, Proteins and Fats
  • Nutritional and Digestive Disorders

Respiration

  • Respiratory Function
  • Respiratory Organs in Various Organisms
  • Mechanism of Breathing
  • Exchange of Gases
  • Transport of Gases
  • Problems in Oxygen Transport
  • Disorders of the Respiratory System
  • Effects of Smoking

Body Fluids and Circulation 

  • Body Fluids
  • Blood Vessels – Arteries, Veins and Capillaries
  • Circulatory Pathways
  • Human Circulatory System 
  • Double Circulation
  • Regulation of Cardiac Activity
  • Disorders of the Circulatory System
  • Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

Excretion 

  • Models of Excretion
  • Human Excretory System
  • Mechanism of Urine Formation in Human
  • Regulation of Kidney Function
  • Micturition
  • Role of Other Organs in Excretion
  • Disorders Related to the Excretory System
  • Haemodialysis

Locomotion and Movement 

  • Types of Movement
  • Types of Muscles
  • Skeletal Muscle (Voluntary Muscle)
  • Structure of Contractile Proteins
  • Mechanism of Muscle Contraction
  • Types of Skeletal Muscle Contraction
  • The Axial Skeleton
  • The Appendicular Skeleton
  • Types of Joints
  • Disorders of Muscular and Skeletal System
  • Benefits of Regular Exercise

Neural Control And Coordination 

  • Neural System
  • Human Neural System
  • Neuron as a Structural and Functional Unit of Neural System
  • Central Neural System (CNS)
  • Reflex Action and Reflex Arc
  • Sensory Reception and Processing

Chemical Coordination and Integration 

  • Endocrine Glands and Hormones
  • Human Endocrine System
  • Hypo and Hyper Activity of Endocrine Glands and Related Disorders
  • Mechanism of Hormone Action

Trends in Economic Zoology 

  • Scope of Zoology
  • Vermiculture
  • Sericulture
  • Apiculture 
  • Lac Culture
  • Aquaponics and its Advantages
  • Aquaculture and its Various Types of Culture
  • Animal Husbandary and Management

Filed Under: Biology

Primary Sidebar

  • Maths NCERT Solutions
  • Science NCERT Solutions
  • Social Science NCERT Solutions
  • English NCERT Solutions
  • Hindi NCERT Solutions
  • Physics NCERT Solutions
  • Chemistry NCERT Solutions
  • Biology NCERT Solutions
RS Aggarwal Solutions RD Sharma Solutions
RS Aggarwal Class 10 RD Sharma Class 10
RS Aggarwal Class 9 RD Sharma Class 9
RS Aggarwal Class 8 RD Sharma Class 8
RS Aggarwal Class 7 RD Sharma Class 11
RS Aggarwal Class 6 RD Sharma Class 12

Recent Posts

  • CBSE Sample Papers 2021-2022 Term 1 and Term 2 PDF Download for Class 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, and 6 | CBSE Marking Scheme Class 1 to 12 & Question Papers
  • CUET 2022 Exam: Latest Updates, Application Form, Registration, Eligibility, Exam Date & Pattern, Syllabus, Colleges, etc.
  • CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Political Science with Solutions 2021-2022 Term 1 & Term 2
  • CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 History with Solutions 2021-2022 Term 1 & Term 2
  • MCQ Questions with Answers for Class 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 all Subjects
  • MCQ Questions for Class 12 with Answers All Subjects
  • MCQ Questions for Class 12 History with Answers Chapter Wise PDF Download
  • MCQ Questions for Class 12 Geography with Answers Chapter Wise PDF Download
  • MCQ Questions for Class 12 Business Studies with Answers Chapter Wise PDF Download
  • MCQ Questions for Class 12 Maths with Answers Chapter Wise PDF Download
DMCA.com Protection Status

Footer

CBSE Library
NCERT Library
NCERT Solutions for Class 12
NCERT Solutions for Class 11
NCERT Solutions for Class 10
NCERT Solutions for Class 9
NCERT Solutions for Class 8
NCERT Solutions for Class 7
NCERT Solutions for Class 6
ML Aggarwal Class 10 ICSE Solutions
Concise Mathematics Class 10 ICSE Solutions
CBSE Sample Papers
cbse
ncert
English Summaries
English Grammar
Biology Topics
Microbiology Topics
Chemistry Topics
Like us on Facebook Follow us on Twitter
Watch Youtube Videos Follow us on Google Plus
Follow us on Pinterest Follow us on Tumblr
Percentage Calculator

Copyright © 2022 Learn Insta