Teachers guide students to use Exploring Society India and Beyond Class 8 Solutions and Class 8 Social Science SST Part 2 Chapter 4 The Role of the Judiciary in Our Society Question Answer NCERT Solutions for quick learning.
The Role of the Judiciary in Our Society Class 8 Questions and Answers
The Role of the Judiciary in Our Society Class 8 Question Answer
The Big Questions (NCERT Page No. 125)
Question 1.
What is the concept of justice?
Answer:
The concept of justice refers to ensuring fairness, equality, and dignity for every individual in society. It is achieved through laws and an independent judiciary that resolves disputes fairly and protects the rights of all people. Justice includes substantive justice, which focuses on a fair outcome, and procedural justice, which ensures that everyone gets a fair opportunity to present their case before a decision is made.
Question 2.
Why is it important for a just and harmonious Society?
Answer:
Justice is important for a just and harmonious society because it maintains peace, protects the rights and dignity of individuals, ensures equality before the law, and resolves disputes fairly. It prevents discrimination, promotes trust in the legal system, and strengthens democracy by ensuring that everyone is treated fairly.
Question 3.
What is the structure and role of the Judiciary in India?
Answer:
The structure of the judiciary in India consists of a unified hierarchy of courts, with the Supreme Court at the national level, High Courts at the State level) and Subordinate Courts such as District and Sessions Courts
at the district level.
The role of the judiciary is to administer justice, interpret the Constitution and laws, protect Fundamental Rights, settle disputes, and ensure that the Legislature and Executive function within the limits of the Constitution.
Question 4.
What are the alternative modes of dispute resolution?
Answer:
The alternative modes of dispute resolution are methods of settling disputes outside regular court proceedings. These include arbitration, where an arbitrator gives a legally binding decision; mediation, where a neutral mediator helps the parties reach a mutual settlement; Lok Adalats, which settle disputes amicably through people’s courts; negotiations, where parties resolve disputes through mutual discussion; and Gram Nyayalayas, which provide simple and speedy justice at the village level.
Class 8 A Journey Through Indian Architecture Question Answer
Let’s Explore (NCERT Page No. 127)
Question 1.
Think of a time when you felt that someone had not been fair to you. How did you feel? What did you think needed to be done to make the situation right? Who could have made things right? What would you do in such a situation? Share in small groups.
Answer:
If someone had not been fair to me, I would feel that justice had not been done. To make the situation right, the matter should be resolved fairly according to the law, giving both sides a full opportunity to be heard before a
decision is made.
The judiciary, through the courts, could make things right by ensuring fair adjudication and treating everyone
justly and fairly. In such a situation, I would seek justice through the proper legal process or resolve the dispute through dialogue, mediation, or the courts, as appropriate.
Let’s Explore (NCERT Page No. 135)
Question 2.
Several High Courts mentioned in the table have more than one bench. Explore which High Courts have more than one bench with the help of your teachers.
Answer:
Several High Courts in India have more than one bench to make justice more accessible to people in different regions of a State. Some examples are
| High Court | Main Seat | Other Benches |
| Allahabad High Court | Prayagraj | Lucknow |
| Bombay High Court | Mumbai | Nagpur, Aurangabad, Panaji (Goa) |
| Madhya Pradesh High Court | Jabalpur | Indore, Gwalior |
| Rajasthan High Court | Jodhpur | Jaipur |
| Karnataka High Court | Bengaluru | Dharwad, Kalaburagi |
| Madras High Court | Chennai | Madurai |
These benches help provide easier and faster access to justice for people living in different parts of the State.
Let’s Explore (NCERT Page No. 136)
Question 3.
Which Subordinate Court is closest to where you live?
Answer:
The District Court is the subordinate court closest to where I live. It hears civil and criminal cases and provides justice to people at the district level.
Class 8 SST Part 2 Chapter 4 Question Answer
Questions and Activities (NCERT Page No. 141-142)
Question 1.
Write a model letter to the High Court or Supreme Court about a current social Issue you have observed to bring it to the notice of the judiciary.
Answer:
To
The Hon’ble Chief Justice
High Court of ………………………….
Subject: Request for action to reduce plastic pollution
Respected Sir/Madam,
I am a student who wishes to bring to your notice the growing problem of plastic pollution in our locality. Plastic waste is being thrown on roads, in drains, and in open spaces. This causes waterlogging. harms animals and pollutes the environment.
I kindly request the Hon’ble Court to issue suitable directions to the concerned authorities to ensure proper waste management, promote the use of eco-friendly alternatives, and create awareness among the public about reducing plastic use.
I hope that appropriate steps will be taken to protect the environment and ensure a clean and healthy society.
Thank you.
Yours faithfully,
ABC
Class VIII
Question 2.
Imagine that you are part of the legislature or executive. Given the large number of cases in the judicial system, what are some Innovative solutions that you can devise to address the Issue?
Answer:
If! were part of the legislature or executive, I would suggest the following innovative solutions to reduce the large number of pending cases in the judicial system
- Appoint more judges and establish more courts to handle cases quickly.
- Encourage the use of mediation, arbitration, Lok Adalats, and Gram Nyayalayas to settle disputes outside regular courts.
- Expand e-filing, virtual hearings, and online case tracking to make the judicial process faster and more efficient.
- Promote digital records and online access to judgments to improve transparency and save time.
- Conduct awareness programmes to encourage people to resolve minor disputes through alternative dispute
resolution methods. - Ensure better use of technology to speed up court proceedings and reduce delays.
Question 3.
Create a moot court and enact the following cases. What are the considerations that the judge might need to take into account to arrive at a just outcome?
(i) Anita and Sameer worked in a factory that produced different types of screws. They had both completed an Industrial Training Institute diploma and joined the factory together. One day, Anita discovered that she was getting paid less than Sameer for the same job. After many appeals to her boss and no change in her salary, she decided to go to court. Enact this scene from the litigants’ perspective. Showcasing their respective points of view. What might be the outcome of the case?
(ii) The people of a village living next to a river used its water for drinking and Irrigation purposes. Gradually, they began to notice that the clear water was turning a brownish colour and had begun to smell too. Many people were falling sick. They figured that this was due to the effluents that were being discharged by a factory upstream. What are the steps that the residents of the village could take to ensure that the water is clean again?
Answer:
(i) The judge would consider the following before giving a just decision
- Whether Anita and Sameer were doing the same work with similar qualifications and responsibilities.
- Whether Anita was being paid less only because of gender, which would be unfair and discriminatory.
- The salary records, appointment letters, and other evidence presented by both sides.
- Whether the employer had a valid reason for paying different salaries.
Likely Outcome
If the court finds that Anita and Sameer performed the same work but Anita was paid less without a valid reason, the court may direct the employer to provide equal pay for equal work, pay the salary difference (arrears), and stop discriminatory practices.
(ii) The judge would consider the following before giving a just decision
- Whether the factory was discharging untreated effluents into the river.
- Scientific evidence and reports showing that the polluted water caused harm to the villagers and the environment.
- The impact of pollution on the health, drinking water, and livelihood of the villagers.
- Whether the factory had violated environmental laws.
Steps the villagers could take
- File a complaint with the Pollution Control Board and the concerned authorities.
- Approach the High Court or Supreme Court by filing a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) if the issue affects the public.
- Present evidence such as water test reports and medical records.
- Request the court to stop the pollution, direct the factory to treat its waste properly, and order compensation for those affected.
Likely Outcome
If the factory is found responsible, the court may order it to stop discharging untreated waste, clean the river, compensate the affected villagers, and follow environmental laws to prevent further pollution.
Question 4.
Many eminent individuals from across India have served as Supreme Court or High Court judges. Write an essay about one such individual from your state or district, talking about their contributions as a judge of the Supreme Court or High Court.
Answer:
Justice Jagdish Singh Khehar is one of India’s eminent judges. He became the 44th Chief Justice of India in 2017 and was the first person from the Sikh community to hold this position. Before joining the Supreme Court, he served as the Chief Justice of the High Courts of Uttarakhand and Karnataka.
As a judge of the Supreme Court, Justice Khehar played an important role in protecting the Constitution, upholding the rule of law, and ensuring justice for citizens. He was part of several landmark judgments that dealt with constitutional rights and matters of national importance. His decisions reflected fairness, impartiality, and a strong commitment to justice.
Justice Khehar’s contribution to the indian judiciary strengthened public contìdence in the legal system. His dedication to upholding constitutional values and ensuring equal justice for all continues to inspire judges, lawyers, and citizens across the country.
Question 5.
Have an interaction with anyone you know who is a part of the judicial system. Try to understand their work, the challenges they face, and what gives them satisfaction. Create a small presentation and share it with the class. You can do this in small groups.
Answer:
Do it yourself.