Adolescence A Stage of Growth and Change Class 7 Questions and Answers Science Chapter 6

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Class 7 Science Chapter 6 Adolescence A Stage of Growth and Change Question Answer

Science Class 7 Chapter 6 Question Answer Adolescence A Stage of Growth and Change

Adolescence A Stage of Growth and Change Class 7 Question Answer (InText)

What are the most commonly observable changes experienced by students from age 10 to 19 during growing up? (Page 75)
Answer:
Commonly observable changes are:

1. More prominent increase in height and weight.
2. Shoulders become a bit broader.
3. Chest in boys gets wider and there is development of breasts in girls.
4. Hoarse voice in boys with a bump in throat (Adam’s apple) visible. Slight changes occur in voice of girls.
5. Growth of hair in different body parts like armpits, pubic regions. Boys develop facial hairs, chest and back hairs.
6. Oily secretions from the skin causes growth of acne and pimples.

These observable changes vary in timing, nature and extent in different individuals.

Question 2.
Are there changes in emotions or behaviour during adolescence? (Page 78)
Answer:
There are diverse behavioural changes like mood swings and strong emotions in adolescence compared to childhood.

Question 3.
How understanding our emotions influence our behaviour and actions and can help us make better choices and respond to situations thoughtfully? (Page 78)
Answer:

1. We should engage in activities like music, dance and sports so that there is positive effect on growth and development. Self-exploration and involvement in the activities may lead to creativity and innovation.
2. We should involve in social work with compassionate emotions.

Question 4.
How healthy food sources and the nutrients present in them, help in our growth and development? (Page 79)
Answer:
Healthy food sources like milk, curd, cheese, paneer, millets, spinach, kidney beans and dried fruits like raisins and figs contain nutrients like calcium, proteins, fats, iron, vitamins, etc. These food sources help us in

1. Proper growth, gaining strength and improve energy levels.
2. Optimal bone growth and strength.
3. Formation of blood.

Question 5.
What are the blood related problems in adolescent girls because of a deficiency of iron or vitamin B12 in the body? (Page 80)
Answer:
Deficiency of iron may cause anemia (decrease in the number of RBCs or the amount of haemoglobin in the blood). It results in tiredness, weakness, short of breath, confusion. Deficiency of Vitamin B12 may cause complications like bleeding, infections, and problems with brain and nerves that may be permanent.

Question 6.
How can we manage iron deficiency in our body? (Page 80)
Answer:
We can manage irgn deficiency by eating foods rich in iron, like liver, red meat, beans, nuts, dried apricot, spinach, fortified cereals, lentils, legumes, eggs, broccoli etc. or by taking iron supplements.

Question 7.
What are the Government schemes aimed to prevent deficiencies of iron and Vitamin B12 etc.? (Page 80)
Answer:
Mid-day- meal scheme for students in all schools to provide food- that has iron and vitamin B12.

Question 8.
What are the sources of vitamin B12? (Page 80)
Answer:
The common sources of Vitamin B12 are egg, nutritional yeast, fortified cereals, meat, liver, fish, cheese, legumes, milk, yoghurt and green leafy vegetables.

Question 9.
Why changes occur in adolescence? (Page 84)
Answer:
Changes which occur in adolescence are mainly due to hormones which are certain chemicals produced in our bodies. These hormones help in regulating various aspects of growth and development for the proper functioning of the body. The hormones are produced in different parts of the body and are released at an appropriate time in response to signals from the brain. Some hormones influence our mood and behaviour.

NCERT Class 7 Science Chapter 6 Question Answer Adolescence A Stage of Growth and Change (Exercise)

Let Us Enhance Our Learning (Pages 85-87)

Question 1.
Ramesh, an 11-year-old boy, developed a few pimples on his face. His mother told him that this is because of ongoing biological changes in his body.
(i) What could be the possible reasons for the development of these pimples on his face?
(ii) What can he do to get some relief from these pimples?
Answer:
(i) Several changes occur in the body during adolescence, as Ramesh is entering 11 years of age. One of these changes is that the skin can become oily. This happens because special glands in the skin start producing more oil. When there’s too much oil, it can block tiny openings in the skin, called pores. Dirt and bacteria can get trapped in these blocked pores, which can then lead to pimples.

(ii) Here’s what Ramesh can do to avoid the pimples:
(a) Maintain good facial hygiene: Wash his face gently with mild soap or a face wash twice a day.
(b) A void touching or popping pimples, as this can spread bacteria and worsen the condition.
(c) Eat a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and water.
(d) Avoid oily and junk food, which can aggravate the skin problem.
(e) Keep hair and hands clean, especially if they touch the face often.
(f) If pimples persist or become severe, consult a doctor or dermatologist.

Question 2.
Which of the following food groups would be a better option for adolescents and why?

Answer:
Food group (ii) would be a better option for adolescents as it is composed of vegetables, grains, daily products, etc. Such foods are rich in essential nutrients like proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, which are important for growth, development, and overall health during adolescence.

Question 3.
Unscramble the underlined word in the following sentences:
(i) The discharge of blood in adolescent girls which generally occurs every 28-30 days is nstmnoiaretu.
(ii) The hoarseness in the voice of adolescent boys is due to enlarged iceov xob.
(iii) Secondary sexual characteristics are natural signs that the body is preparing for adulthood and mark the onset of urtvpeb.
(iv) We should say NO to lahoclo and srugd as they are addictive.
Answer:

1. nstmnoiaretu-menstruation
2. iceov xob-voice box
3. urtypeb-puberty
4. lahoclo and srugd-alcohol and drugs

Question 4.
Shalu told her friend, “Adolescence brings only physical changes, like growing taller or developing body hair. ” Is she correct? What would you change in this description of adolescence?
Answer:
Shalu is not completely correct. Adolescence is not only about physical changes like growing taller or developing body hair. It also includes the development of reproductive capability, as well as emotional and behavioral changes.

Question 5.
During a discussion in the class, some of the students raised the following points. What questions would you ask them to check the correctness of these points?
(i) Adolescents do not need to worry about behavioural changes.
(ii) If someone tries a harmful substance once, they can stop anytime they want.
Answer:
The following questions can be asked for the correctness of the point (i):
(a) What makes you think that “behavioural changes’ during adolescence are something to worry about?
(b) Why do you think it is important for adolescents to adapt to changes in a positive way rather than worrying about them?

The following questions can be asked for the correctness of the point (ii):
(a) What makes you think that someone can stop using a harmful substance whenever they want?
(b) Are you aware of the concept of addiction? How might using a substance even once affect someone’s ability to stop?
(c) Have you heard of any studies or research that suggest it’s easy to stop using harmful substances after trying them once?

Intense emotions that may change quickly

1. A strong desire for independence and personal decision-making
2. Pressure to fit in with peers and follow group norms
3. Exploration of personal identity, including sexual identity
4. Increased use of technology, such as mobile phones and social media.

Question 7.
While using a toilet, Mohini noticed that used sanitary pads were scattered near the bin. She got upset and shared her feelings with her friends. They discussed the importance of menstrual hygiene and healthy sanitary habits. What menstrual hygiene and sanitary habits would you suggest to your friends?
Answer:
The menstrual hygiene and sanitary habits one should follow are:

1. Use sanitary pads or reusable cloth pads during menstruation.
2. Regularly change the sanitary pads, after every 4-5 hours as per the requirement.
3. Wash genital areas properly to maintain cleanliness and prevent catching bacterial infections.
4. Dispose of used sanitary pads by wrapping them in a newspaper before throwing them inside a dustbin.
5. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after handling sanitary pads to prevent the spread of germs.

Question 8.
Mary and Manoj were classmates and good friends. On turning 11, Mary developed a little bulge on the front of her neck. She visited the doctor who gave her medication and asked to take iodine-rich diet. Similarly, a bump developed on the front of Manoj’s neck when he turned 12. However, the doctor told him that it was a part of growing up. According to you, what could be the possible reason for advising Mary and Manoj differently?
Answer:
The possible reason for the doctor advising Mary and Manoj differently is that Mary’s bulge on the neck might be related to a condition called goitre that is caused by a deficiency of iodine. Iodine is essential for the proper functioning of the thyroid gland, and its deficiency can lead to the enlargement of the gland, causing a bulge on the neck. Therefore, the doctor recommended an iodine- rich diet for Mary. On the other hand, Manoj’s bulge was due to the growth of his voice box as he entered puberty. This is a normal part of adolescent development and is often referred to as the Adam’s apple. It causes a bump in the throat and can lead to a hoarse voice as the voice box grows and changes shape.

Question 9.
During adolescence, the boys and girls undergo certain physical changes, a few of which are given below.
(i) Change in voice
(ii) Development of breasts
(iii) Growth of moustache
(iv) Growth of facial hair
(v) Pimples on the face
(vi) Growth of hair in the pubic region
(vii) Growth of hair in armpits
Categorise these changes in the table given below:

Physical changes during adolescence
Observed only in boys	Observed only in girls	Common in boys and girls

Answer:

Physical changes during adolescence
Observed only in boys	Observed only in girls	Common in boys and girls
(i) Change in voice	(ii) Development of breasts	(v) Pimples on the face
(iii) Growth of moustache		(vi) Growth of hair in the pubic region
(iv) Growth of facial hair		(vii) Growth of hair in armpits

Question 10.
Prepare a poster mentioning the tips for adolescents to live a healthy lifestyle.
Answer:
Healthy lifestyle tips for adolescents!

Eat Right Diet!

1. Eat a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
2. Include protein-rich foods for growth and strength.
3. Limit sugary drinks and processed snacks.

Stay Active and Strong!

1. Engage in regular physical activity or sports.
2. Aim for at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous activity daily.

Prioritize Hygiene!

1. Maintain personal cleanliness by bathing regularly.
2. Practice good menstrual hygiene if you are a girl.

Be Careful Online!

1. Use online platforms responsibly.
2. Be cautious about sharing personal information online.
3. Seek help from elders or teachers if you experience cyberbullying.

Connect and Respect!

1. Be thoughtful and responsible when interacting with others, both in person and online.
2. Treat everyone with mutual respect.

Take Enough Rest!

1. Aim for adequate sleep to support growth and development.

Seek Guidance?

1. Don’t hesitate to talk to. parents, teachers, or trusted adults about any concerns or questions you have.

Class 7 Adolescence A Stage of Growth and Change Question Answer (Activities)

Activity 6.1

What were the most commonly observable changes among students from Grades 5 to 8? List these in Table 6.1. (Page 75)
Answer:
Most common changes during growing up

Changes	Your observations
Height	Students grow taller rapidly during this time due to puberty growth spurts.
Weight and strength	Body weight increases and muscles start to develop, especially in boys.
Appearance	Facial features mature; skin changes (likfe pimples); hair growth increases.
Voice change	Boys may develop deeper voices; voice cracks can occur.

Activity 6.2

List some emotional changes in Table 6.2 along with their probable effects on behaviour, and ways for positive growth and development. (Page 78)
Answer:
Emotional changes, their probable effects on behaviour, and ways for positive growth and development

Key emotional changes	Probable effects on behaviour	Ways for positive growth and development
Mood swings	Engage in varied activities like music, dance, or sports	Self-exploration and involvement in activities that may lead to creativity and innovation
Strong	Increased sensitivity	Compassion, involvement in social work
emotions	Trying out new activities, exploring talents or passions	Encouragement and support to pursue interests constructively
Interests and hobbies	Seeking peer approval, forming friendships or groups	Promote healthy friendships, communication skills, and teamwork.
Social	Probable effects on behaviour	Ways for positive growth and development
behavior	Engage in varied activities like music, dance, or sports	Self-exploration and involvement in activities that may lead to creativity and innovation

Activity 6.3

Based on locally available foods, fill Table 6.3 with the healthy food sources, nutrients present in them, and how these nutrients can help our growth and development. (Page 79)
Answer:
Food sources, nutrients present in them, and functions of these nutrients

Food sources	Nutrients we get from them	Functions of these nutrients
Milk, millets, curd, cheese,	Calcium,	To help optimal bone
and paneer	proteins, fats	growth and development
Eggs, meat, pulses, soya and legumes	Proteins	To help proper growth, gain strength, and improve levels of energy
Spinach, kidney beans, and dried fruits like raisins, and figs	Iron	To help in the formation of blood

Activity 6.4

Fill in Table 6.4 with Do’s and Don’ts to be followed on sociat media. (Page 83)
Answer:
Do’s and don’ts to be followed on social media.

Dos	Don’ts
Be respectful and kind	Do not share personal photos with strangers/virtual friends.
Think before posting	Do not post offensive or hurtful comments.
Protect privacy	Do not share your passwords or sensitive personal information