NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 2 Understanding Secularism

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 2 Understanding Secularism

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 2 Understanding Secularism

Question 1.
List the different types of religious practice that you find in your neighbourhood. This could be different forms of prayer, worship of different Gods, sacred sites, different kinds of religious music and singing, etc. Does this indicate freedom of religious practice?
Answer:

Religion	Different forms of prayer	Worship of different Gods	Sacred sites	Different kinds of religious music & singing
Hindu	Pooja, Meditation	Krishna, Ram, Shiva, Vishnu	Haridwar, Mathura	Bhajan, Kirtan
Muslim	Namaj	Allah	Mecca, Madina Ajmer Nizamuddin (Delhi)	Qawwali, Ajan
Sikh	Ardas, Matha tek	Guru Nanak	Golden temple Amritsar, Various Gurudwaras of Delhi, Hemkunt Sahib	Shabad kirtan
Christian	Prayer,Meditation	Jesus/Mother Mary	Church Jerusalem, Rome	Holy song, Hymns Carols

Question 2.
Will the government intervene if some religious group says that their religion allows them to practice infanticide? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
Yes, the government will and should intervene because this practice is against the right to freedom to live. Moreover, it is a crime to kill or practice infanticide.

Question 3.
Complete the following table:

Objective	Why is this important?	Example of a violation of the objective
One religious community does not dominate another.
The State does not enforce any particular religion nor take away the religious freedom of individuals.
That some members do not dominate other members of the same religious community.

Answer:

Objective	Why is this important?	Example of a violation of this objective
One religious community does not dominate another.	• To maintain Harmony. • To avoid discrimination.	In Hindu schools, in the case of admission of Muslim child, there is more resistance.
The State does not enforce any particular religion nor take away the religious freedom of individuals.	• Because we are citizens of secular State, where all religions are equal in the eyes of laws.	Religious festivals are celebrated in private schools. Demolition of temples in Kashmir Valley.
That some members do not dominate other members of the same religious community.	• Allow freedom in equal measure.	In many circumstances in Hinduism, lower Hindu caste is being dominated by upper caste Hindu till today.

Question 4.
Look up the annual calendar of holidays of your school. How many of them pertain to different religions? What does this indicate?
Answer:
Annual Calendar of Holidays

• Among 25-30 annual holidays, 22-25 holidays pertain to different religions.
• It indicates that there is a holiday or religious festival of every religion. So everyone can celebrate their own festival according to their own tradition. Religious festivals are not celebrated in schools.

* Month may vary
1. Sikh
2. christian
** March or April
3.Muslims

Question 5.
Find out some examples of different views within the same religion.
Answer:

Religion	Different views
Hindu	Arya Samaj, Sanatan Dharm, etc.
Jainism	Shwetamber, Digambar
Sikh	Sant Nirankari, Khalsa, Radhaswami
Muslims	Shiya, Sunni, Ahmadia, Vora, etc.
Christian	Roman Catholic, Luthem Church, Orthodox, Protestant

Question 6.
The Indian State both keeps away from religion as well as intervenes in religion. This idea can be quite confusing. Discuss this once again in class using examples from the chapter as well as those that you might have come up with.
Answer:
India is a land of complex ideas. It is difficult to understand what it really wants. There are many ideals in the Constitution but practices are quite different from them. In many cases we see laws explain a concept in a different way. But people interpret it differently. Law itself in some cases act differently. As for example, in a secular state law has nothing to say in any of the religions practices but when the dominance of upper castes in religion was brought to question the law took favour of the lower castes. This interference of the State creates confusion.

Question 7.
This poster alongside highlights the need for ‘Peace’. It says, “Peace is an ever-ending process….. It cannot ignore our differences or overlook our common interests.” Write in your own words what you think the above sentences are trying to convey? How does it relate to the need for religious tolerance?
Answer:

• Peace is a never-ending process. It is the need of today.
• Peace respects our common interest and remove or minimise our difference.
• Peace helps us to live together in harmony.

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