Check the below NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution with Answers Pdf free download. MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science with Answers were prepared based on the latest exam pattern. We have Provided Heredity and Evolution Class 10 Science MCQs Questions with Answers to help students understand the concept very well.
You can refer to NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution to revise the concepts in the syllabus effectively and improve your chances of securing high marks in your board exams.
Heredity and Evolution Class 10 MCQs Questions with Answers
Question 1.
Human teeth and elephant’s tusk are
(a) Analogous organs
(b) Vestigeal organs
(c) Homologous organs
(d) Rudimentary organs
Answer
Answer: (c) Homologous organs
Question 2.
Independent inheritance of two separate traits, shape and colour of seeds in Mendel’s cross on pea plants resulted in a observable ratio of:
(a) 3 : 1
(b) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
(c) 1 : 1
(d) 9 : 4 : 2 : 1
Answer
Answer: (b) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
Question 3.
Which of these is not a vestigial organ in human beings?
(a) Appendix
(b) Wisdom tooth
(c) Nictitating membrane
(d) Gall bladder
Answer
Answer: (d) Gall bladder
Question 4.
Evolution of wild cabbage is an example of:
(a) Artificial selection
(b) Natural selection
(c) Mutation
(d) Genetic drift
Answer
Answer: (a) Artificial selection
Question 5.
The modern day Human species has evolved from its earliest ancestors who lived in:
(a) Asia
(b) Australia
(c) Africa
(d) China
Answer
Answer: (c) Africa
Question 6.
Two pink coloured flowers on crossing resulted in 1 red, 2 pink and 1 white flower progeny. The nature of the cross will be
(a) double fertilisation
(b) self pollination
(c) cross fertilisation
(d) no fertilisation
Answer
Answer: (b) self pollination
Question 7.
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
(a) For every hormone there is a gene.
(b) For every protein there is a gene.
(c) For production of every enzyme there is a gene.
(d) For every molecule of fat there is a gene
Answer
Answer: (d) For every molecule of fat there is a gene
Question 8.
If a round, green seeded pea plant (RR yy) is crossed with wrinkled, yellow seeded pea plant (rr YY), the seeds produced in F1 generation are
(a) round and yellow
(b) round and green
(c) wrinkled and green
(d) wrinkled and yellow
Answer
Answer: (a) round and yellow
Question 9.
In human males all the chromosomes are paired perfectly except one. This/these unpaired chromosome is/are
(i) large chromosome
(ii) small chromosome
(iii) Y-chromosome
(iv) X-chromosome
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (iii) only
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)
Answer
Answer: (c) (iii) and (iv)
Question 10.
A zygote which has an X-chromosome inherited from the father will develop into a
(a) boy
(b) girl
(c) X- chromosome does not determine the sex of a child
(d) either boy or girl
Answer
Answer: (b) girl
Question 11.
New species may be formed if
(i) DNA undergoes significant changes in germ cells
(ii) chromosome number changes in the gamete
(iii) there is no change in the genetic material
(iv) mating does not take place
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
Answer
Answer: (a) (i) and (ii)
Question 12.
Two pea plants one with round green seeds (RRyy) and another with wrinkled yellow (rrYY) seeds produce F1 progeny that have round, yellow (RrYy) seeds. When F1 plants are selfed, the F2 progeny will have new combination of characters. Choose the new combination from the following:
(i) Round, yellow
(ii) Round, green
(iii) Wrinkled, yellow
(iv) Wrinkled, green
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i) and (iii)
Answer
Answer: (b) (i) and (iv)
Question 13.
A basket of vegetables contains carrot, potato, radish and tomato. Which of them represent the correct homologous structures?
(a) Carrot and potato
(b) Carrot and tomato
(c) Radish and carrot
(d) Radish and potato
Answer
Answer: (c) Radish and carrot
Question 14.
If the fossil of an organism is found in the deeper layers of Earth, then we can predict that
(a) the extinction of organism has occurred recently
(b) the extinction of organism has occurred thousands of years ago
(c) the fossil position in the layers of Earth is not related to its time of extinction
(d) time of extinction cannot be determined
Answer
Answer: (b) the extinction of organism has occurred thousands of years ago
Question 15.
A trait in an organism is influenced by
(a) paternal DNA only
(b) maternal DNA only
(c) both maternal and paternal DNA
(d) neither by paternal nor by maternal DNA
Answer
Answer: (c) both maternal and paternal DNA
Question 16.
Select the group which shares maximum number of common characters.
(a) two individuals of a species
(b) two species of a genus
(c) two genera of a family
(d) two genera of two families
Answer
Answer: (a) two individuals of a species
Question 17.
According to the evolutionary theory, formation of a new species is generally due to
(а) sudden creation by nature
(b) accumulation of variations over several generations
(c) clones formed during asexual reproduction
(d) movement of individuals from one habitat to another
Answer
Answer: (b) accumulation of variations over several generations
Question 18.
Select the statements that describe characteristics of genes
(i) genes are specific sequence of bases in a DNA molecule
(ii) a gene does not code for proteins
(iii) in individuals of a given species, a specific gene is located on a particular chromosome
(iv) each chromosome has only one gene
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)
Answer
Answer: (b) (i) and (iii)
Question 19.
In peas, a pure tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt). The ratio of pure tall plants to short plants in F2 is
(a) 1 : 3
(b) 3 : 1
(c) 1 : 1
(d) 2 : 1
Answer
Answer: (c) 1 : 1
Question 20.
Some dinosaurs had feathers although they could not fly but birds have feathers that help them to fly. In the context of evolution this means that
(a) reptiles have evolved from birds
(b) there is no evolutionary connection between reptiles and birds
(c) feathers are homologous structures in both the organisms
(d) birds have evolved from reptiles
Answer
Answer: (d) birds have evolved from reptiles
Fill in the blanks
1. The formation of new species is called …………..
Answer
Answer: Speciation
2. The earliest members of human species, Homo sapiens can be traced from …………..
Answer
Answer: Africa
3. Human beings and chimpanzees had a ………….. ancestor a long time ago.
Answer
Answer: common
4. Artificial selection of wild cabbage for arrested flower development and for sterile flowers has generated ………….. and ………….. respectively.
Answer
Answer: Broccoli, cauliflower
5. Different structure but same function is a characteristic of ………….. organs.
Answer
Answer: analogies
6. The more characteristics two species will have in common, the more ………….. they are related.
Answer
Answer: closely
7. The notion of ………….. provides diversity without any adaptations.
Answer
Answer: genetic drift
8. Sex of the child is largely ………….. determined in the human beings.
Answer
Answer: genetically
9. The germ cells combine to restore the normal number of ………….. in the progeny.
Answer
Answer: chromosomes
10. Charles Darwin put forth the idea of ………….. selection for the evolution of species.
Answer
Answer: natural
Match the following columns
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Father of Genetics | (a) Kale |
| (ii) Origin of species | (b) Fossil |
| (iii) Wings of bat and butterfly | (c) Classification of organisms |
| (iv) Eye spots | (d) Kohlrabi |
| (v) Ammonite | (e) Homologous organs |
| (vi) Selection for larger leaves | (f) Gregor Mendel |
| (vii) Evolutionary relationships | (g) Analogous organs |
| (viii) Selection for swollen parts | (h) Charles Darwin |
| (ix) Limbs of frog and human | (i) Planaria |
Answer
Answer:
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Father of Genetics | (f) Gregor Mendel |
| (ii) Origin of species | (h) Charles Darwin |
| (iii) Wings of bat and butterfly | (g) Analogous organs |
| (iv) Eye spots | (i) Planaria |
| (v) Ammonite | (c) Classification of organisms |
| (vi) Selection for larger leaves | (a) Kale |
| (vii) Evolutionary relationships | (b) Fossil |
| (viii) Selection for swollen parts | (d) Kohlrabi |
| (ix) Limbs of frog and human | (e) Homologous organs |
Crossword
Across:
1. They are one of the evidence of evolution [6]
2. A term for group of interbreeding organisms [7]
4. Segment of DNA which has information for a character [4]
5. Traits gained during lifetime [8]
9. Organisms do this to perpetuate their own kind [9]
10. Traits like earlobe are its example [9]
Down:
3. Transmission of characters from parents to offspring [8]
7. It is a nucleic acid [3]
6. Alternative forms of the same character [6]
8. Term used for the offspring of two plants or animals of different species [6]
Answer
Answer:
Across :
1. Fossil
2. Species
4. Gene
5. Inherited
9. Reproduce
10. Variants
Down:
3. Acquired
6. Traits
7. DNA
8. Progeny
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