Class 9 Words and Expressions Solutions Unit 6
Words and Expressions Class 9 Unit 6 Solutions
Class 9 English Words and Expressions Solutions Unit 6
Question 1.
A) Photographs of the Presidents of India are chronologically given below. Can you identify them ?
B) Discuss in pairs and write down their names.
C) Why is the President of India known as the First Citizen of the country?
Answer:
The President of India is known as the first citizen of the country because the president of India represents India at all international levels.
Reading Comprehension:
Text – I
Read the following passages and answer the questions that follow.
I must have been about seen when my father left Porbandar for Rajkot to become a member of the Rajasthanik Court. There I was put into a primary school, and I can well recollect those days. including the names and other particulars of the teachers who taught me. As at Porbandar, so here, there is hardly anything to note about my studies. I could only have been a mediocre student. From this school I went to the suburban school and thence to high school, having already reached my twelfth year. J do not remember having ever told a lie, during this short period, either to my teachers or to my schoolmates. However, I used to be very shy and avoided all company.
My books and my lessons were my sole companions. To be at school at the stroke of the hour and to run back home as soon as the school closed – that was my daily habit, there is an incident which occurred at the examination during my first year at high school and which is worth recording. Mr. Giles, the educational Inspector, had come on a visit of inspection. He had set us five words to write as a spelling exercise. One of the words was ‘Kettle’. I had misspelt it. The teacher tried to prompt me with the point of his boot, but I would not be prompted.
It was beyond me to see that he wanted me to copy the spelling from my neighbour’s slate, for I had thought that the teacher was there to supervise us against copying. The result was that all the boys, except myself, were found to have spelt every word correctly. I could never learn the art of ‘copying’. Yet the incident did not in the least diminish my respect for my teacher. I was by nature, blind to the faults of elders. Later I came to know of many other failings of this teacher, but my regard for him remained the same. Two other incidents belonging to the same period have always clung to my memory. As a rule I had distaste for any reading beyond my school books.
The daily lessons had to be done, because I disliked being taken to task by my teacher as much as I disliked deceiving him. Therefore, I would do the lessons, but often without my mind in them. Thus, when even the lessons could not be done properly, there was of course no question of any extra reading. But somehow my eyes fell on a book purchased by my father. It was Shravana Pitribhakti Nataka. I read it with intense interest. One of’the pictures I was shown was of Shravana carrying, by means of slings fitted for his shoulders, his blind parents on a pilgrimage. The book and the picture left an indelible impression on my mind.
(An excerpt from The Story of My Experiments with Truth, Mohandas Karamchand Ghandhi)
Question 1.
Choose the correct option from the bracket and fill in the blanks
(a) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was a / an _____ student. (average, poor, intelligent)
(b) As a boy, Mohandas used to be very _____ and avoided all company.(timid, fearful, outspoken)
(c) The teacher tried to _____ him with the point of his boot.(suggest, force, instruct)
(d) Young Mohandas _____ any reading beyond his school books.(disliked, liked, hated)
(e) He read Shravana Pitribhakti with _____ interest. (great, least, little)
Answer:
(a) average
(b) timid
(c) suggest
(d) disliked
(e) great.
Question 2.
Answer the following questions in brief. (30 words)
(a) Where did Mohandas complete his primary education?
(b) Who were Mohandas Gandhi’s sole companions in his childhood?
(c) Which incident given in the passage reflects Mohandas’s honesty?
(d) Which two things did Mohandas dislike the most?
(e) What did the picture of Shravana convey to Mohandas Gandhi?
(f) Pick out five qualities and traits which young Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi had.
Answer:
(a) He was put in a primary school in Rajkot.
(b) Mohandas Gandhi was a shy boy with no companions. His books and his lessons were his only companions in his childhood.
(c) In an examination, Mohandas had misspelt the word ‘kettle’. When the teacher noticed this, he tried to prompt him with the point of his boot. Mohandas avoided to be prompt¬ed. He was the only student in the class to spell the word incorrectly, yet he never felt guilty for that.
(d) Mohandas disliked to be taken to task by the teacher. He also disliked deceiving his teacher by copying the work from other students.
(e) The book and picture of Shravana left a permanent impression on his mind. It guided him through ups and downs of his life. It also strengthened him in his struggle for India’s independence from British rule.
(f) His five qualities and traits are :
- Absolutely non judgemental, couldn’t see the bad qualities of his teacher
- Honest, didn’t like to deceive anyone
- Truthful couldn’t copy others’ work and claim to be done by himself.
- Disliked any extra reading, completed his lessons only because he hated deceiving teachers and himself.
- Shy, couldn’t make friends and was busy with his books and lessons
Question 3.
Locate words from the passage with similar meaning:
(a) reduce
(b) only one
(c) dupe
(d) permanent effect
Answer:
(a) diminish
(b) sole
(c) copy
(d) indelible
Test – II
Read the following passages and answer the questions that follow.
Indra Krishnamurthy Nooyi is an Indian American business executive. She is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Pepsico. She is one among the world’s most powerful women. She delivered the following speech at the Rashtrapati Bhawan on 14 December 2013. She was named one of the 25 Greatest Living Legends by NDTV, and was awarded by the then President of India, Pranab Mukherjee at the Rashtrapati Bhawan.
Mr. President and NDTV, thank you very much for this incredible honour. Malcom Gladwell in his book, Outliers says: “Who you are cannot be separated from where you came from.” I left India 35 years ago, went to the USA and had tremendous success in the meritocracy. But none of that could have happened if I would not have had wonderful upbringing very much here in India. So I have a lot to thank India for. Now my three lessons 1 would like to share with you.
First, please be a lifelong student. You know when we were kids, we used to ask questions like “Why is the sky blue ?”, “Why the birds flying so high ?” But for some reasons, as we get older, that curiosity goes away. And if we are happy with the knowledge we have, then we are actually going to atrophy. So, please remain a lifelong student, don’t lose that curiosity.
Second, whatever you do, throw yourself into it, throw your head, heart and hands into it. I look at my job not as a job, I look at it as a Calling, as a Passion and I don’t care about the hours, about the hardships, because to me everything is a joy. So Whatever you do, please look upon it as a Calling a Passion, not as a job, not as something temporary. The third and the most important one, please help others rise. Greatness comes not from a position, but from helping build a future.
All of us in position of power have an obligation to pull others up. You know, as I stand here today, I look at my responsibility not as accepting an honour, I look upon it as accepting a challenge and a responsibility, an obligation to actually make it possible for people who are younger to come up and achieve levels of greatness, so they too can be on the stage sometime in the future. (Source : Speech delivered by Indra Nooyi at the Rashtrapati Bhawan on 14 December 2013)
Read the speech delivered by Indra Nooyi and answer the questions that follow.
Question 1.
What has Malcom Gladwell said in his book, that Indra Nooyi is referring to in her speech?
Answer:
Malcolm Gladwell has said, “Who you are cannot be separated from where you came from.”
Question 2.
What according to Indra Nooyi helped her achieve great success?
Answer:
Her wonderful upbringing in India helped her achieve great success.
Question 3.
What is the first lesson that Indra Nooyi has talked about in her speech?
Answer:
The first lesson that Indra Nooyi has talked about in her speech is to be a lifelong student.
Question 4.
What element should we have to be a lifelong student?
Answer:
One should always have curiosity to be a lifelong student.
Question 5.
How does she look at her job?
Answer:
She looks at her job as a Calling and a Passion and not as something temporary.
Question 6.
What is her third lesson ? Why is it important?
Answer:
Her third lesson is to help others rise. It is important greatness does not come from position but from helping to build a future.
Question 7.
What obligation does she talk about in her speech?
Answer:
In her speech she talks about the obligation to actually make it possible for people who are younger to come up and achieve levels of greatness, so they too can be on the stage sometime in the future.
Vocabulary:
Question 1.
Make noun forms of the given words. One is done for you.
Answer:
a) knowledge
b) acceptance
c) separation
d) obligation
e) achievement
Question 2.
Take words from the box given below and match the words that go along with them. You mayuse some of the words more than once.
Answer:
fine-tune
water-proof
sound-proof
newspaper
study-tour
heart-felt
kill-joy black system/sound system
Question 3.
You would have come across some words from Indian languages used in the Chapter ‘My Childhood’ in your textbook, Beehive.
Example: pucca
Look up the dictionary in the English language and find ten words which are of Indian origin. Two are done for you:
Answer:
(c) Kaftan
(d) khaki
(e) pyjamas
(f) masala
(g)lassi
(h)jail
(i) dak
(j) rail
(k) naik
(l) pandit
Grammar:
Question 1.
Fill in the blanks to complete the process of washing clothes in a machine. Use passive form of the verbs given in brackets.
Dirty clothes are _______ (take) for washing. Clothes are _______ (separate) on the basis of
texture, colour, etc., and _______ (make) into piles. Each pile is _______ (put) in the wash-ing machine tub. Then detergent powder is _______(add) and the required programme is _______ (set). Once the washing is over the clothes are (remove) from the tub and _______(hang) for drying.
Answer:
Dirty clothes are taken for washing. Clothes are separated on the basis of texture, colour, etc. and made into piles. Each pile is put in the washing machine tub. Then detergent powder is added and the required programme is set. Once the washing is over the clothes are removed from the tub and hung for drying.
Question 2.
Passive voice
Expand the News Headlines into three to four sentences of a short article. Use passive voice wherever it is required.
Example:
Mumbai flooded with rain water:
Yesterday Mumbai was hit by incessant rain. The city is flooded with rain water now. Water is being pumped out from the roads. The residents are requested by the Municipal Corporation to remain indoors.
a) The fire caused by crackers
b) Bank robbed in broad daylight
c) Taxes lowered for some commodities
Answer:
(a) Yesterday a huge fire was caused by crackers. The children were playing with crackers when a misdirected rocket hit the pile of unburnt crackers. The crackers immediately caught fire and started shooting Are in all directions. Fortunately, there were no deathsw reported. Some of the children and passers -by got in the range of fire and got some burns. The victims were discharged after first-aid from the nearby hospital.
(b) Yesterday, the branch of a private bank was robbed in broad daylight. The robbers took the customers and bank staff as hostage. Around 10 lakhs worth of currency notes were taken away by them. The police is on high alert and trying to reach the robbers.
(c) In a pleasant turnaround of events in this crisis, the taxes on some commodities like cotton fabric, LCDs and mobile phones have been reduced from 8% to 4%. The industry is hopeful that this will help in boosting the sales of these commodities.
Question 3.
Phrasal Verb
In the lesson ‘My Childhood’ in your textbook, Beehive, the phrasal verb ‘break out’ is used by combining a verb (break) with a preposition (out) denoting the meaning ‘to begin’. Many more phrasal verbs can be formed with the same verb ‘break’ joining with other prepositions.
They are-
| break | break | break | break | break |
| into | away | open | down | up |
Now, replace the underlined words with a phrasal verb from the list given above using the correct form.
a) The passengers were troubled when the bus stopped due to engine failure.
b) Neha’s relationship with Rohan came to an end over a very silly matter.
c) The burglar in spite of all security, entered Mr. Khan’s house and took away all valu-ables.
d) The child attempted to leave the mother’s grasp, but she held fast.
e) The new director desired to discard the age old practices in the office.
Answer:
(a) broke down
(b) broke up
(c) broke into
(d) break away
(e) break open
Editing:
Question 1.
Use capital letters, full-stops, commas and inverted commas wherever necessary in the following story. Some words are also wrongly spelt. Check the spelling errors and correct, them.
Once the Fairies of the Trees set out to choose their dwelling places some were wise in making their choices and some were foolish the wise fairies shunned the trees that stood alone in the open fields, and settled in a thick forest, but the foolish ones said, Why should we crowd together in a forest Let us go and live in lonely trees near villages, where humans will bring us gifts.
One night a greate tempest swept over the countri the lonely trees were blown down, and the foolish fairys became homeless; but the great, dense forest resisted the fury of the storm. The wise fairies said to the foolish ones people should stand together like a dense forest. It is only the solitary tree, growing unprotekted in the open field that is overthrown by a silly thing like a storm.
Answer:
Once the ‘Fairies of the Trees’ set out to choose their dwelling places. Some were, wise in making their choices and some were foolish. The wise fairies shunned the trees that stood alone in the open fields, and settled in a thick forest. But the foolish ones said, “Why should we crowd together in a forest ? Let us go and live in lonely trees near villages where humans will bring us gifts.”
One night, a great tempest swept over the country. The lonely trees were blown down, and the foolish fairies became homeless; but the great, dense forest resisted the fury of the storm. The wise fairies said to the foolish ones, “People should stand together like a dense forest. It is only the solitary tree, growing unprotected in the open field that is overthrown by a silly thing like a storm.”
Listening:
Question 1.
Given below is an extract from Malala Yousafzai’s speech at the UN General Assembly on 12 July 2013. Malala Yousafzai is a young Pakistani girl who was shot at by the Taliban because she wanted to study. She was awarded, the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014 for her struggle for the right of all children to education. The teacher or one of your classmates wifi read out the extract. Answer all the questions after listening to the extract.
Honourable UN Secretary General Mr Ban Ki-moon, respected President of the General Assembly Vuk Jeremic, honourable UN envoy for global education Mr Gordon Brown, respected elders and my dear brothers and sisters : Assalamualaikum.
Today it is an honour for me to be speaking again after a long time. Being here with such honourable people is a great moment in my life and it is an honour for me that today I am wearing a shawl of late Benazir Bhutto. I don’t know where to begin my speech. I don’t know what people would be expecting me to say, but first of all thank you to God for whom we all are equal and thank you to every person who has prayed for my fast recovery and new life.
I cannot believe how much love people have shown me. I have received thousands of good-wish cards and gifts from all over the world. Thank you to all of them.Thank you to the children whose innocent words encouraged me. Thank you to my elders whose prayers strengthened me . I would like to thank my nurses, doctors and the staff of the hospitals in Pakistan and the UK and the UAE government who have helped me to get better and recover my strength.
…. There are hundreds of human rights activists and social Notes workers who are not only speaking for their rights, but who are struggling to achieve their goal of peace, education and equality. Thousands of people have been killed by the terrorists and millions have been in jured. I am just one of them. So here I stand, one girl among many. I speak not for myself, but so those without a voice can be heard. Those who have fought for their rights. Their right to live in peace. Their right to be treated with dignity. Their right to equality of opportunity. Their right to be educated.
…. The compassion I have learned from Mohamed, the Prophet of Mercy, Jesus Christ and Lord Buddha. This is the legacy of change I have inherited from Martin Luther King, Nelson Mandela and Mohammed Ali Jinnah. This is the philosophy of non-violence that I have learned from Gandhi, Bacha Khan and Mother Teresa. And this is the forgiveness that I have learned from my father and from my mother. This is what my soul is telling me: be peaceful and love everyone … Thank you.
(a) Why did the Taliban shoot Malala?
(b) Why was Malala awarded the Nobel Peace Prize?
(c) Who all did Malala thank in her speech and why?
(d) What are the activists and social workers struggling for?
(e) What rights did She talk about in her speech?
Tick (✔) the right answers.
i) right to live in peace
ii) right to be treated with dignity
iii) right to have a safe home
iv) right to equality of opportunity
v) right to fight for self
vi) right to be educated
(f) From whom did Malala learn
i) compassion
ii) the philosophy of non-violence
iii) forgiveness
Answer:
(a) Taliban shot Malala because she wanted to study.
(b) Malala was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her struggle for the right of all children to education.
(c) Malala thanked
- God before whom we are all equal
- Ail people who prayed for her fast recovery and new life.
- Children whose innocent words encouraged her
- Elders whose prayers strengthened her
- Nurses, doctors and staff of hospitals in Pakistan, UK, UAE and who helped her to get better.
(d) The activists and social workers were struggling for achieving their goal of peace, educa¬tion and equality for all.
(e) She talked about these rights in her speech:
- right to live in peace
- right to be treated with dignity
- right to equality of opportunity
- right to be educated
(f)
- Mohamed, the Prophet of Mercy, Jesus Christ and Lord Buddha
- Gandhi, Bacha Khan and Mother Teresa
- Her father and her mother
Speaking:
Question 1.
Prepare five slips with the following words written on them. The class be divided into 4 groups. Each group will be asked to pick up a slip and discuss the topic for 5 minutes. Finally, one representative from the group will make a brief presentation on the topic.
1. ancestral house
2. secure childhood
3. Primary school
4. social barriers
5. communal harmony
Some words given in the box below may be helpful. You can use any other words tht are ap-propriate to the topic.
| ancient | large | emotional | co-existence | upbringing |
| ipequality | system | tradition | friendship |
Answer:
1. ancient – large – emotions – childhood – feelings – grandparents – garden – banyan tree.
2. child labour – inequality – burden free – right to education – natural growth – free mind
3. child friendly – toy and recreational material – visual aids – swings and rides – chocolates and sweets – cartoon wallpaper – attractive benches.
4. tradition – religion – gender bi as – bound circumstances – growth hindrance – limited opportunities – political backing – shortage of resources
5. Constitution of india – anti – national – communal riots – loss of life and public property – tolerance – patience – brotherhood – Unity is Strength.
Writing:
Question 1.
In 2010, the United Nations declared Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam’s birthday (15th October) as World Students’ Day. Write an article on the importance of the youth / young students in the mak¬ing of a New India. (120 -150 words)
Answer:
Importance of the youth in the making of new India The bud of nation’s future finds a fragrant blooming in the hands of its youth. It’s the time of culmination when the youth must realise and individually shoulder the responsibility of resuscitation ofjIndia in every aspect viz. social, economic, political, administrative, etc. Development of a strong nation demands youth possessing steely willpower, mighty determination and tremendous grit.
For this, the youth itself must be fully sound and armour itself with all essential qualities so that modem India sees its unprecedented growth and development by skilled finishers. Youth are the real sculptors of the nation and Swami Vivekananda rightly called the youth “The Real Power of the Nation”. What is actually required in the present scenario is to unleash the immense latent patriotism and chauvinism among youth, which will light the fire of responsibility and will dedicatedly involve them in the making of the New India. The primary factors inhibiting the growth of the New India are terrorism, corruption and communal disparities.
So in order to eradicate these, youth with double toughness are required. Our political system is governed by desperados, hooligans and such miscreants of society who have attired themselves in the robes that presents them as the saviours of the nation. In fact, they are eating away the nation like worms slowly and gradually. Criminalisa- tion of politics has in fact obfuscated the image of fair play in government. So, this is now a “Wake up Call”, for the youth of the New India to wake, rise and move ahead and prove their hegemony over such corrupt leaders and take the command into their hands to run the government.
Project:
Question 1.
Collect your favourite quotations by M.K. Gandhi, Dr. Abdul Kalam, Mother Teresa, Lai Bahadur Shastri, J. Krishnamurti, andy other personalities that you admire. Make a collage for display in the monthly wall magazine of your class.
Answer:
The following quotes can be used to make collage. You can take photos also from somewhere.
Quotations:
- M.K. Gandhi:
-
- The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.
- An eye for an eye only ends up making the whole world blind.
- Live as if you were to die tomorrow; learn as if you were to live forever
- Dr. Abdul Kalam:
-
- If you want to shine like a sun, burn like a sun.
- Man needs his difficulties because they are necessary to enjoy success.
- Building capacity dissolves differences; it irons 4 out inequalities.
- Mother Teresa:
-
- Loneliness and the feeling of being unwanted is the most terrible poverty.
- Love begins by taking care of the close ones-the ones at home.
- Lai Bahadur Shastri:
-
- Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan
- J. Krishnamurti:
-
- It is no measure of health to health to be well adjusted to a profoundly sick society.
- I maintain that truth is a pathless land and you cannot approach it by any path what so ever, by any religion, by any sect.
- The ability to observe without evaluating is the highest form of intelligence.
- It is.truth that liberates; not your effort to be free.