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Class 7 Science Chapter 9 Life Processes in Animals Extra Questions
Class 7 Science Chapter 9 Extra Questions on Life Processes in Animals
Life Processes in Animals Class 7 Very Short Question Answer
Question 1.
Name various digestive organs of humans.
Answer:
The organs which carry out digestion and absorption of food are the digestive orgAnswer:Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine and large intestine are the digestive organs of humans.
Question 2.
Where does the digestion start?
Answer:
Digestion of food starts in mouth, continues in the stomach and is completed in the duodenum and small intestine.
Question 3.
What do you know about the liver as an organ?
Answer:
The liver is a reddish brown gland situated in the upper part of the abdomen on the right side. It is the largest gland in the body. It secretes bile juice that is stored in a sac called gall bladder.
Question 4.
What is the role of pancreas in the process of digestion?
Answer:
The pancreas is a large cream-coloured gland located just below the stomach. The pancreatic juice acts on carbohydrates, fats and proteins and changes them into simpler forms.
Question 5.
What is the function of large intestine?
Answer:
The large intestine is wider and shorter than small intestine. Its function is to absorb water and some salts from the undigested food material. The remaining waste passes into the rectum.
Life Processes in Animals Class 7 Short Question Answer
Question 1.
What is the difference between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition?
Answer:
- Autotrophic nutrition is when organisms make their own food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water (e.g., plants).
- Heterotrophic nutrition is when organisms depend on other organisms for food (e.g., animals, fungi).
Question 2.
What is the role of the stomach in the human, digestive system?
Answer:
The stomach stores food and produces gastric juices, including hydrochloric acid and enzymes, which help in breaking down food, especially proteins.
Question 3.
Explain the process of digestion in humans.
Answer:
Digestion in humans begins in the mouth where food is broken down by chewing and saliva. The food moves to the stomach, where gastric juices further break it down. In the small intestine, digestion completes, and nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. The large intestine absorbs water and forms solid waste for digestion.
Question 4.
Name the digestive enzymes involved in the breakdown of proteins and fats. Where are they produced?
Answer:
- Proteins are broken down by pepsin (produced in the stomach) and trypsin (produced in the pancreas).
- Fats are broken down by lipase (produced in the pancreas).
Question 5.
Why do ruminants need to chew cud?
Answer:
Ruminants chew cud to help break down cellulose from plant material. They first swallow food into the rumen and then bring it back to the mouth (cud) to chew again, making digestion more efficient.
Question 6.
What is the function of the small intestine in the human digestive system?
Answer:
The small intestine is the primary site for digestion and absorption of nutrients. It has tiny finger-like projections called villi that increase surface area for nutrient absorption into the bloodstream.
Question 7.
How does the liver assist in digestion?
Answer:
The liver produces bile, which helps in the digestion and absorption of fats by emulsifying them, making them easier to digest.
Question 8.
What are the end products of digestion in humans?
Answer:
The end products of digestion are simple molecules:
- Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose.
- Proteins are broken down into amino acids.
- Fats are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol.
Question 9.
What is the process of respiration in animals?
Answer:
Respiration in animals is the process of breaking down food (glucose) to release energy. This can occur with the help of oxygen (aerobic respiration) or without oxygen (anaerobic respiration).
Question 10.
Where does gas exchange occur in the human respiratory system?
Answer:
Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli, small air sacs in the lungs where oxygen from the air enters the blood, and carbon dioxide from the blood is removed and exhaled.
Question 11.
Explain the difference bet¬ween aerobic and anaerobic respi ration.
Answer:
Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen and releases a large amount of energy (e.g., in humans).
Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and releases less energy (e.g., in muscles during intense exercise or in yeast).
Question 12.
What is the function of the diaphragm during breathing?
Answer:
The diaphragm is a large muscle beneath the lungs that contracts and moves downward to allow air to enter the lungs (inhalation) and relaxes and moves upward to expel air from the lungs (exhalation).
Question 13.
How do fish obtain oxygen from water?
Answer:
Fish obtain oxygen from water through their gills, which extract oxygen as water passes over them. Oxygen from the water is absorbed into the blood, and carbon dioxide is released.
Question 14.
What is the role of alveoli in the human respiratory system?
Answer:
Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) occurs. Oxygen enters the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide is removed from the blood to be exhaled.
Question 15.
What is the by-product of aerobic respiration in animals?
Answer:
The by-products of aerobic respiration are carbon dioxide and water.
Life Processes in Animals Class 7 Long Question Answer
Question 1.
Explain the process of digestion in humAnswer:Mention the role of different organs.
Answer:
Digestion in humans is the process of breaking down food into simpler substances that can be absorbed by the body. It involves several organs:
- Mouth: Food is chewed and mixed with saliva, which contains the enzyme amylase that starts the digestion of starch.
- Oesophagus: Transports food to the stomach through a wave-like movement called peristalsis.
- Stomach: Produces gastric juices (including pepsin and hydrochloric acid) that help break down proteins.
- Small intestine: It is the main site for digestion and absorption. Enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver help digest fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. The inner walls have villi that absorb nutrients into the blood.
- Large intestine: Absorbs water from undigested food and forms solid waste.
- Anus: Removes the waste materials from the body (egestion).
Question 2.
Describe the structure and function of the stomach and small intestine in the human digestive system.
Answer:
- The stomach is a U-shaped muscular organ that temporarily stores food. It produces gastric juices containing hydrochloric acid and enzymes like pepsin that help digest proteins. It also chums food to mix it with digestive juices.
- The small intestine is a long, coiled tube where most of the digestion and absorption takes place. It receives bile from the liver and digestive enzymes from the pancreas. The walls of the small intestine are lined with villi, which increase the surface area for absorbing nutrients into the blood.
Question 3.
What is respiration?Explain the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration with examples.
Answer:
Respiration is the process by which living organisms break down food (glucose) to release energy.
Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen. It breaks down glucose completely into carbon dioxide and water, releasing a large amount of energy.
Example: Respiration in humans and most animals.
Equation:
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of- oxygen. It produces less energy and forms by-products like lactic acid (in muscles) or alcohol and carbon dioxide (in yeast).
Example: Muscle cells during heavy exercise, or yeast in fermentation.
Question 4.
Describe the process of breathing in humans and the role of alveoli.
Answer:
Breathing is the movement of air in and out of the lungs.
- Inhalation: The diaphragm contracts and moves downward, allowing the lungs to expand and fill with air rich in oxygen.
- Exhalation: The diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, pushing air (mainly carbon dioxide) out of the lungs. Inside the lungs, gas exchange occurs in alveoli (tiny air sacs).
- Oxygen from the inhaled air passes through the thin walls of the alveoli into the blood.
- Carbon dioxide from the blood passes into the alveoli to be exhaled.
Alveoli increase the surface area for gas exchange and are surrounded by tiny blood capillaries.
Life Processes in Animals Class 7 Case Based Questions
I. Manya notices that the birds in her gallery eat seeds without chewing, and some of them start eating soil from her flower pots. She wonders why they do not chew and why they eat soil.
Answer the following questions:
Question 1.
Why birds are not chewing?
Answer:
Birds do not have teeth, they swallow food whole. Birds do not chew, they use their beak to pick food. Food goes down into the crop by esophagus to soften and then goes to Gizzard where a muscular part grinds food.
Question 2.
Why are they eating soil?
Answer:
A gizzard is a muscular part that grinds the food with the help of stones swallowed by the birds. Eating soil helps birds to grind their food in the gizzard.
Life Processes in Animals Extra Questions for Practice
Question 1.
How do fish breathe in water? Explain the role of gills.
Question 2.
Sheila eats her lunch very quickly without chewing it properly. How might this affect her digestion? Explain.
Question 3.
Mr.Sharma has had his gallbladder removed. What changes might occur in their digestion of fatty foods and why?
Question 4.
A sheep was seen chewing even though it had already eaten. Why do ruminants like goats chew cud? How does it help in digestion?
Question 5.
Why is it advised to eat slowly and chew food properly, especially when eating rice or bread?
Question 6.
If a person has a disease that reduces the number of villi in their small intestine, what problems might they face related to nutrition?
Multiple choice Questions (MCQs)
Choose the correct option in the following questions:
Question 1.
Which organ in humans is responsible for gas exchange during breathing?(a)
Heart
(b) Stomach
(c) Lungs
(d) Kidneys
Question 2.
Which of the following is a product of anaerobic respiration in humans?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Water
(c) Lactic acid
(d) Glucose
Question 3.
What is the process by which oxygen is absorbed and carbon dioxide is released in the lungs?
(a) Inhalation
(b) Exhalation
(c) Gas exchange
(c) Diffusion
Question 4.
Which of the following statements is true about aerobic respiration?
(a) It does not require oxygen.
(b) It produces a small amount of energy.
(c) It occurs only in plants.
(d) It occurs with the help of oxygen.
Assertion-Reason questions
Directions: Each of the questions (i) and (ii) contain two statements – first ‘Assertion’ and second ‘Reason’. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (h), (c) or (d) as given below:
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true and Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false and Reason is true.
(i) Assertion (A): The small intestine is the main site for nutrient absorption in the human body.
Reason (R): The large intestine produces digestive enzymes that break down food completely.
(ii) Assertion (A): Human lungs and fish gills are both used for respiration.
Reason (R): Fish gills work like human lungs by inhaling air and exhaling carbon dioxide.
Fill in the blanks
(i) The villi increase the surface area to absorb the ________ in the small intestine.
(ii) The liver secretes yellowish-green liquid called ________
(iii) Gluten is a protein found in wheat, ________ and barley.
(iv) The ________ passages have hair with mucus.
(v) ________ damages the lungs and extremely harmful to health.
True or False
State whether True or False answer with reason .
(i) Organisms need oxygen to perform respiration.
(ii) Ruminants swallow food without chewing.
(iii) The large intestine absorb nutrients from food.
(iv) Breathing is a physical process not a chemical process.
(v) Saliva turns starch into glucose.
Match the following:
Question 1.
Match the following items given in Column A with that in Column B:
| Column A | Column B |
| (a) Diaphragm | (i) flexible, tube- like pipe |
| (b) Breathing | (ii) end part of large intestine. |
| (c) Oesophagus | (iii) a dome shaped muscle |
| (d) Saliva | (iv) salivary gland |
| (e) Rectum | (v) inhaling and exhaling |