Experts have designed these Class 10 AI Important Questions Chapter 1 Introduction to AI Class 10 Important Questions and Answers NCERT Solutions Pdf for effective learning.
Introduction to AI Class 10 Important Questions
Class 10 Introduction to AI Important Questions
Important Questions of Introduction to AI Class 10 – Class 10 Introduction to AI Important Questions
Very Short Answer Type Questions (1 mark each)
Question 1.
What is the ability to perceive information, and to retain it as knowledge to be applied towards adaptive behaviour within an environment or context?
Answer:
It is known as Intelligence
Question 2.
The basis of decision-making depends which factors?
upon
Answer:
The basis of decision-making depends upon the available information and experience.
Question 3.
What the machine’s ability to mimic human traits such as making decisions, predicting the future, learning, and improving is called?
Answer:
The machine’s ability to mimic human traits such as making decisions, predicting the future, learning, and improving is called Artificial Intelligence.
Question 4.
You are getting Amazon, Netflix, Spotify, and youtube recommendations based on which factor?
Answer:
User behaviour
Question 5.
Name the very first humanoid robot.
Answer:
Sophia
Question 6.
Is all smart devices considered AI-enabled devices?
Answer:
No, for example an automatic air conditioner
Question 7.
If a person is well aware of self-weakness and strengths or own feelings is known as which intelligence?
Answer:
It is known as Intrapersonal intelligence.
Question 8.
What is a branch of artificial intelligence that deals with the interaction between computers and humans using the natural language?
Answer:
Natural Language Processing/NLP.
Question 9.
What is a Chatbot?
Answer:
A chatbot is a computer program that’s designed to simulate human conversation through voice commands or text chats or both. Eg: Mitsuku Bot, Jabberwacky, chatGPT etc.
Question 10.
What produces meaningful phrases and sentences in the form of natural language?
Answer:
Meaningful phrases and sentences in the form of natural language produced by NLG.
Question 11.
While working with NLP what is the meaning of Syntax?
Answer:
Syntax refers to the grammatical structure of a sentence.
Question 12.
Which AI Domains deals with images and videos?
Answer:
Computer Vision
Question 13.
Price comparison websites are example of which sub-field of AI domain?
Answer:
Data Science
Question 14.
What is the basic principle of AI system design that uses a good code of conduct and produces results?
Answer:
AI Ethics is the basic principle of AI system design that uses a good code of conduct and produces result.
Question 15.
What can be defined as the science of moral duty and ideal human behaviour that teaches what is right and what is wrong?
Answer:
Ethics is the science of moral duty and ideal human behaviour that teaches what is right and what is wrong.
Question 16.
Which system refers to the guideline and system purposes should be very clear to its users?
Answer:
Transparent system refers to the guideline and system purposes should be very clear to it’s user.
Question 17.
Name the situation that is created by a system itself and the developer of the system cannot resolve them.
Answer:
Black Box problem
Question 18.
What term do we use to define Facing racism from machines
Answer:
Al bias
Question 19.
What is defined as one able to control how our digital data is being stored, modified, and exchanged between different parties?
Answer:
Data privacy is defined as one able to control how our digital data is being stored, modified, and exchanged between different parties.
Question 20.
Give one example of AI used in Healthcare?
Answer:
Robotic Surgery: AI driven surgical robots.
Short Answer Type Questions (2 marks each)
Question 1.
What do you mean by Intelligence?
Answer:
Intelligence refers to the ability to think, perceive information and apply knowledge within the behavioural environment. Intelligence can be defined as:
- Ability to interact with the real world – To perceive, understand and act
- Reasoning and Planning – Modelling the external world, given input
- Learning and Adaption – Continuous learning and adapting graph.
Question 2.
What is artificial intelligence?
Answer:
When a machine possesses the ability to mimic human traits or copy human behaviours or make decisions, predict the future, learn, and improve on its own. In other words, machines are intelligent artificially by collecting data, understanding it, analysing it, learning from it, and improving it.
Question 3.
Define decision-making.
Answer:
Decision-making in AI refers to the process by which an artificial intelligence system or algorithm selects the best course of action or choice from a set of available options. It involves using computational methods to evaluate various factors, data, and rules to make informed decisions. AI decisionmaking systems can be designed to handle complex scenarios, optimise outcomes, and adapt their decisions based on changing conditions.
Question 4.
What are the categories of decision-making?
Answer:
AI decision-making can be divided into two main categories:
Rule-based systems and machine learning-based systems.
(a) Rule-based Systems: Rule-based decision-making in AI involves creating a set of predefined rules that the Al system follows to make decisions. The AI system applies these rules to the input data and produces an output or decision.
(b) Machine Learning(ML)-based Systems: Machine learning (ML) techniques enable AI systems to learn from data and make decisions based on patterns and statistical models. These systems use algorithms to automatically extract features from the data and build models that can predict outcomes or classify inputs.
Question 5.
Name any four approaches to decision-making.
Answer:
- Supervised Learning
- Unsupervised Learning
- Reinforcement Learning
- Deep Learning (DL).
Question 6.
What do you mean by Computer Vision?
Answer:
Computer Vision is of the three domains of AI. It gets the visual data and analyses them to make a decision. This process includes acquiring images, screening, analysing, identifying, and extracting information. In computer vision, input to the machines are photographs, and videos taken from thermal, or infrared sensors, indicators and other sources.
In this process, the yisual data can be translated into descriptions and turned into computer-readable language to make a decision.
The examples of computer visions are as follows:
- Face recognition systems: Apps such as Google Photos, Snapchat, Facebook, Interpol
- Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR): Search engines such as Google, Bing, CT scans and MRI scans in hospitals, Earth science, etc.
- Smart Interactions: Gaming
Question 7.
What do you mean by AI Domains?
Answer:
AI becomes intelligent according to the training given through data. The machine requires a dataset to train and learn itself. As the machine receives the data it processes it and then makes a decision. These data models are known as different domains of AI.
- Enlist the three domains of AI.
- Data Science
- Computer Vision (CV)
- Natural Language Processing (NLP)
Question 8.
What is Natural Language Processing?
Answer:
- Natural language processing is capable to communicate between machines and human beings. It uses natural language for both oral and spoken languages.
- Natural Language Processing tries to capture the information from spoken or written words in the system.
- It has two main components: Natural Language Understanding: It interprets the words and establish a link with natural input and analyse the different aspects of language.
- Natural Langauge Generation: It generates meaningful phrases and sentences in Natural Language. It includes the processes of text planning, sentence planning, and text realisation.
- NLU is easier than NLG.
- Examples are Email filters, smart assistants, translators, etc.
Question 9.
What do you mean by Machine Learning?
Answer:
Machine learning refers to a branch or a division or subset of AI that requires data and a trained model algorithm. It learns from the data provided and improves the performance or processes. It applies to labelled or unlabelled data and makes a prediction.
Question 10.
If you do an image search for vacations on a popular search engine, the first few searches mostly return the picture of beaches. What is the concern here? Explain.
Answer:
In the given scenario, we are concerned about the bias. When we talk about a machine, we know that it is artificial and cannot think on its own. It can have intelligence, but we cannot expect a machine to have any biases of its own. Any bias can transfer from the developer to the machine while the algorithm is being developed.
Question 11.
What do you understand by Ethics?
Answer:
The contcerns related to good and ideal behaviour or manners and moral principles are known as ethics.In other words, ethics refers to what is right and what is wrong and then teaches moral conduct.
Question 12.
Why ethical practices should be followed while developing solutions using AI?
Answer:
- Ethical practices are very important while developing solutions using AI because the solution is made to solve the problem or reduce the complexity of the problem.
- If ethical practices are not followed properly then the solution might create more problems and that leads to more problems.
- Even unethical practices increase risk and damage to the surroundings. Which is not a good cause for the problem solution.
Question 13.
All of us use smartphones. When we install a new app, it asks us for several permissions to access our phone’s data in different ways. Why do apps collect such data?
Answer:
- To provide customised notifications and recommendations.
- To improve the efficiency and accuracy of the app.
Question 14.
What do you understand by data privacy?
Answer:
- Data plays a vital role in AI systems. The existence of an AI system is impossible without data.
- Data management like storage, usage, collection and maintaining data is one important concern.
- When the user works on the system, the user is sharing data. This data needs permission to access the data. This consent is known as data privacy.
Question 15.
How do you understand whether a machine/application is AI based or not? Explain with the help of an example.
Answer:
Any machine that has been trained with data and can make decisions/predictions on its own can be termed as AI.
Eg:The bot or the automation machine is not trained with any data is not an AI while a chatbot that understands and processes human language is an AL.
Long Answer Type Questions (4 marks each)
Question 1.
Ashwat is amazed to learn about his sister Ananya who is multi-talented and has excelled in academics, music, dancing, sports and painting. He was quite curious when Ananya told him that he too possessed all these intelligences like every human being does, but only at different levels. He wondered which intelligence she was talking about. Can you help Ashwat in learning about different types of intelligences by naming and explaining any four types of intelligences?
Answer:
All humans possess 9 types of intelligence but at different levels. They are:
- Mathematical Logical Reasoning: Ability to regulate, measure, and understand numerical symbols, abstraction and logic.
- Linguistic Intelligence: Language processing skills both in terms of understanding or implementation in writing or verbally.
- Spatial Visual Intelligence: Ability to perceive the visual world and the relationship of one object to another.
- Kinesthetic Intelligence: Ability that is related to how a person uses his limbs in a skilled manner.
- Musical Intelligence: Ability to recognise and create sounds, rhythms, and sound patterns.
- Intrapersonal Intelligence: Describes how high the level of self-awareness someone has is. Starting from realising weakness, strength, to his own feelings.
- Existential Intelligence: An additional category of intelligence relating to religious and spiritual awareness.
- Naturalist Intelligence: An additional category of intelligence relating to the ability to process information on the environment around us.
- Interpersonal intelligence: Ability to communicate with others by understanding other people’s feelings & influence of the person.
Question 2.
Write some popular AI apps and tools.
Answer:
The following are some powerful AI apps and tools.
Google: Google uses AI for responding to our queries through keywords. Gmail spam filter is also using AI technology. Google Maps help with navigation in traveling.
Virtual Assistants: Apple Siri, Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant, and MS Cortana are some examples of Virtual Assistants. These assistants are used to accept the command in terms of voice and provide assistance.
Gaming: AI is used to enhance the gaming experience for gamers. Along with this AI can help in enhancing graphics, coming up with new difficulty levels, encouraging gamers, etc.
Recommendations: As you have seen some recommendations on Amazon, Netflix, Amazon, Spotify, YouTube, etc. These are all recommendations based on your interests and engagements likes, dislikes, and comments. Some recommendations are based on preferences on social media like Facebook and Instagram. Sometimes AI also sends some notifications about online shopping details, and auto-create playlists according to requests.
Chatbots: Chatbots are generally available on many websites. Chatbots are software applications integrated with AI technology used for online chat support. Sophia was the first humanoid bot.
Health Apps: Health apps are also created and integrated with AI which helps users to monitor physical and mental health aspects.
Others: Moreover, there are some other AI applications like face locks in smartphones, language translators, weather forecasts, and many more.
Question 3.
Explain the seven stages of decision-making. A
Answer:
- Identification of the problem or decision to be made: Recognising the need to make a decision and clearly defining the issue or goal.
- Gathering information: Acquiring relevant information about the alternatives, potential outcomes, and relevant factors that may influence the decision.
- Evaluating alternatives: Assessing and comparing the available options based on various criteria, such as feasibility, cost, risks, benefits, and potential consequences.
- Weighing pros and cons: Considering the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative and determining their relative importance or priority.
- Making a choice: Selecting the option that is deemed most suitable or optimal based on the information and analysis conducted.
- Implementation: Putting the chosen decision into action and carrying out the necessary steps to execute the chosen course of action.
- Evaluation and feedback: Assessing the outcomes of the decision and gathering feedback to determine if the chosen option achieved the desired results or if adjustments are needed.
Question 4.
Samarth attended a seminar on Artificial Intelligence and has now been asked to write a report on his learnings from the seminar. Being a non-technical person, he understood that the AI enabled machine uses data of different formats in many of the daily based applications but failed to sync it with the right terminologies and express the details. Help Samarth define Artificial Intelligence, list the three domains of AI and the data that is used in these domains.
Answer:
Artificial Intelligence (AD) refers to any technique that enables computers to mimic human intelligence i.e., make decisions, predict the future, learn and improve on its own.
With respect to the type of data fed in the AI model, Al models can be broadly categorised into three domains:
(a) Data sciences
(b) Computer vision
(c) Natural Language Processing
Data Science takes input in the form of numeric and alphanumeric data.
Computer Vision takes input in the form of images and videos.
Natural Language Processing takes input in the form of text and speech.
Question 5.
What do you mean by Data Science? Illustrate your answer with an example.
Answer:
Data science is one of the domains of AL. It processes the data for the AI systems. It collects the data input, maintains them into accurate datasets, and prepares the output in the proper and appropriate format. The final output or information extracted through data science can be used to make a decision.
For example, price comparison websites like PriceGrabber, PriceRunner, Junglee, Shopzilla, and DealTime are totally driven by data, that compares the price of a product from different vendors and then the user can make a suitable decision.
The digital marketing spectrum is also a good example of data science. It shows the targeted ads to the audience according to their data.
Question 6.
Differentiate between a script-bot and a smart-bot.
Answer:
| Script Bot | Smart Bot |
| A scripted chatbot doesn’t carry even a glimpse of AI | Smart bots are built on NLP and ML. |
| Script bots are easy to make | Smart bots are comparatively difficult to make. |
| Script bot functioning is very limited as they are less powerful. | Smart bots are flexible and powerful. |
| Script bots work around a script that is programmed into them | Smart bots work on bigger databases and other resources directly |
| No or little language processing skills | NLP and Machine learning skills are required. |
| Limited functionality | Wide functionality |
Question 7.
Your grandmother watches you use AI applications. She wants to understand more about it. Help her understand the term artificial intelligence by giving the right definition and explain to her with an example how machines become artificially intelligent.
Answer:
When a machine possesses the ability to mimic human traits, i.e., make decisions, predict the future, learn and improve on its own, it is said to have artificial intelligence. In other words, you can say that a machine is artificially intelligent when it can accomplish tasks by itself – collect data, understand it, analyse it, learn from it, and improve it.
Machines become intelligent once they are trained with some data which helps them achieve their tasks. Al machines also keep updating their knowledge to optimise their output. For example, Netflix gives us recommendations on the basis of what we like. Whenever we start liking a new genre, it updates and gives better suggestions.
Question 8.
Why do need to collect data?
Answer:
We need to collect data for the following reasons:
- To store and analyse data
- To know the potential of customers and get tangible returns
- It helps for future marketing and increases engagement
- It helps in retargeting efforts and increases database
- It is helpful for making an overall strategy and improving the products
- It is helpful in obtaining feedback from customer
Question 9.
“Smartphones are major sources of data nowadays.” Justify this statement.
Answer:
- Smartphone becomes an integral part of human lives nowadays.
- Most of us use smartphones more than we interact with people around us.
- This is because smartphones provide a lot of facilities and features that make human life easy and comfortable.
- With online shopping, ordering food becomes very easy with the help of small box loaded with technology.
- Moreover, now smartphones provide recommendations and notifications according to users’ choices.
Case Based Subjective Questions:
I. Read the following text and answer the following questions based on the same:
Reena is an engineering graduate recently she lost her mobile phone on the way to home. Now she is in the market for the new one. Being tech-savvy, she’s interested in exploring smartphones that offer advanced features. Like smart locks, weather forecasting and other AI recommendations tools.
After purchasing smart phone she wants to secure her mobile with AI enabled features.
(a) Whether is it possible to do so?
(b) How can AI recommendation tools enhance Reena’s mobile phone usage experience?
(c) Name the domain of AI.
(d) Name any other similar application of the same domain.
Answer:
(a) Yes, it is possible to do so. Reena can use face lock feature to secure her smart phone for unauthorised access.
(b) AI recommendation tools can enhance Reena’s mobile phone usage experience by analysing her usage patterns, preferences, apps, content, services, behaviour etc.
(c) Reena’s using face lock features which belongs to the AI domain, i.e., Computer Vision
(d) There are many applications of the computer vision like Self driving car, Object classification, Categorisation of photos in phones and unusual behaviour detection.
II. Read the following text and answer the following questions based on the same:
Riya was excited to apply for her dream job at a tech company. She had a degree in computer science, years of experience in software development, and a passion for innovation. She uploaded her resume to the company’s website and waited for a response.
A few days later, she received an email saying that she was rejected. She was confused and disappointed. She wondered what went wrong. She decided to contact the company and ask for feedback.
She learned that the company used an Al system to screen resumes and rank candidates based on their qualifications. The system was trained on data from previous hires, who were mostly male and white. The system had learned to favour resumes that had male names, attended certain schools, and used certain keywords. Riya’s resume, which had a female name, a different school, and different keywords, was ranked low by the system.
Riya realised that she was a victim of AI bias. She felt angry and frustrated. She wondered how many other qualified candidates were rejected because of the system’s flawed assumptions. She decided to file a complaint against the company and raise awareness about the issue of AI bias.
Why AI models are biased in one or another way? Explain it.
Based on above paragraph answer the following questions:
(a) Which algorithms are used by company to develop AI system for screening resume?
(b) How system was trained/learned to screen the resume?
(c) How will you help Riya in her resume selection?
(d) How AI models are biased in one or another way?
Answer:
(a) Machine learning algorithms.
(b) The system was trained on data from previous hires. The system had learned to favor resumes that used certain keywords.
(c) Riya can use most relevant keywords which is suitable for job.
(d) AI systems working according to the algorithms so they are biased in one or another way.