Class 8 Civics Chapter 7 Extra Questions and Answers Understanding Marginalisation

Understanding Marginalisation Class 8 Civics Chapter 7 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science CBSE Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science SST Civics Chapter 7 Understanding Marginalisation.

Class 8 Civics Chapter 7 Extra Questions and Answers Understanding Marginalisation

Understanding Marginalisation Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 7 Very Short Answers Type

Question 1.
Where is Niyamgiri Hill located?
Answer:
The Niyamgiri Hill is located in Kalahandi district of Orissa.

Question 2.
How many national parks are there in India?
Answer:
There are 54 national parks in India.

Question 3.
How much area are the 54 national parks and 372 wildlife sanctuaries covering?
Answer:
They are covering around 1,09,652 S km.

Question 4.
Why did many Adivasis have migrated to cities?
Answer:
Many Adivasis have migrated to cities in search of work.

Question 5.
Where were the Adivasis employed in the cities?
Answer:
They were employed for very low wages in local industries or at building or construction sites.

Question 6.
Whom does the Constitution provide safeguards as part of our Fundamental Rights?
Answer:
The Constitution provides safeguard to religious and linguistic minorities as part of our Fundamental Right.

Question 7.
What does the term ‘Militarised’ mean?
Answer:
Militarised means an area where the presence of the armed forces is considerable.

Question 8.
Whom would you call ‘Malnourished’?
Answer:
A person who does not get adequate nutrition or food is malnourished.

Question 9.
What % of India’s population is adivasi.
Answer:
About 8%.

Question 10.
For what purposes the forest land that once belonged to adivasi got cleared.
Answer:
The purposes such as agriculture and industry the forest land got cleared.

Question 11.
What % of tribal groups in rural areas belongs to below poverty line (BPL)?
Answer:
45% of tribal groups in rural areas.

Question 12.
What % of tribal groups in urban areas belongs to BPL?
Answer:
35% of tribal groups in urban areas.

Question 13.
About how many tribal groups does exists in India?
Answer:
There are over 500 different Adivasi groups in India.

Question 14.
How are adivasi’s been portrayed?
Answer:
Adivasis are invariably portrayed in very stereotypical way.

Question 15.
What are considered as the absolute crucial to the development of all empires and settled civilisation in India?
Answer:
Forests were absolutely crucial to the development of all empires and settled civilisation in India.

Question 16.
How many National parks are there in India?
Answer:
In India there are 54 national parks.

Question 17.
How many wildlife sanctuaries are in India?
Answer:
There are 372 wildlife sanctuaries in India.

Question 18.
According to 2001 census what percent of Muslims of India’s population considered to be marginalised?
Answer:
13.4% Muslims.

Understanding Marginalisation Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 7 Short Answers Type

Question 1.
Define the term Ghettoisation. Who are Ghettos?
Answer:
A Ghetto is an area or locality that is populated largely by members, of a particular community. Ghettoisation refers to the process that leads to such a situation. This may occur due to various social, cultural and economic reasons.

Question 2.
What does 2001 census tells about Muslims?
Answer:
According to 2001 census, Muslims are 13.4% of India’s population and are considered to be a marginalised community in India today because in comparison to other communities they have over the years been deprived of the benefits of social and economic development. This
census also shows that literacy of Muslims is the lowest i.e., 59% among all religious groups.

Question 3.
What will happen if the culture of majority influences the way in which society and government might express themselves.
Answer:
In such cases size can be a disadvantage and lead to the marginalisation of the relatively smaller communities. Thus, safeguards are needed to protect minority communities against the possibility of being culturally dominated by the majority. They also protect them against any discrimination and disadvantages that they may face.

Question 4.
What will be the result if the Adivasis lose their rights over forest lands?
Answer:
Adivasis use around 10,000 plant species-approximately 8,000 species are used for medicinal purposes; 325 are used as pesticides; 425 as gums, resins and dyes; 550 as fibres; 3500 are edible. This entire knowledge system gets wiped out when Adivasis lose their rights over forest lands.

Question 5.
What is all happening in Niyamgiri hills of Orissa?
Answer:
Niyamgiri hill of Orissa is located in Kalahandi district. This area is in inhabitated by Dongarria Konds, an Adivasi community. A major aluminium company is planning to set up a mine and a refinery here which will displace this Adivasis community. They have strongly resisted this proposed development and have been joined by environmentalists as well. A case against the company is also pending in the Supreme Court.

Understanding Marginalisation Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 7 Long Answers Type

Question 1.
What does Sachar Committee report tell about the Muslims and how is economic and social marginalization experienced by Muslims has other dimensions as well?
Answer:
Recognizing that Muslims in India were lagging behind in terms of various development indicators, the government set up a high-level committee in 2005. The Committee was chaired by Justice Rajindar Sachar, The committee examined the social, economical and educational status of the Muslim community in India. The report discusses in detail the marginalization of this community.

It suggests that on a range of social, economic and educational indicators the situation of the Muslim community is comparable to that of other marginalized communities like Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. For example, according to the Report the average years of schooling for Muslim children between the age of 7-16 is much lower than that of other socio-religious communities.

Economic and social marginalization experienced by Muslims has other dimensions as well. Like other minorities, Muslim customs and practices are sometimes quite distinct from what is seen as the mainstream. Some not all – Muslims may wear a burqa, keeping a long beard wear a fez and these become ways to identify the Muslims.

Because of this, they tend to be identified differently and some people think that they are not like the ‘rest of us’. Often this becomes an excused to treat them unfairly, and discriminate against them.