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Class 7 Social Science Chapter 2 Question Answer Understanding the Weather
NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 2 Understanding the Weather Questions and Answers Solutions
Understanding the Weather Class 7 Question Answer (In-Text)
The Big Questions? (Page 27)
Question 1.
How can we measure and monitor the weather around us?
Answer:
We can measure and monitor the weather using various instruments. A thermometer measures temperature, a barometer measures air pressure, hygrometer measures humidity, a wind vane shows wind direction and an anemometer measures wind speed. Automated weather stations and satellites also help in continuously tracking and predicting weather conditions.
Question 2.
How do weather predictions help – us prepare for events like heavy rain, storms, drought and heat waves?
Answer:
Weather predictions help us prepare for extreme events like heavy rain, storms, droughts and heatwaves by providing early warnings. This allows authorities to issue safety measures, evacuate people if needed, and protect resources. Farmers, businesses and individuals can take precautions to minimise damage and ensure safety.
Think about it
Question 1.
Let us imagine Krishnan from Chennai is speaking with Amir in Kashmir. Krishnan tells Amir that it has become chilly in Chennai after it rained the previous night. Amir asks him how cold it is. How will Krishnan explain to Amir how cold it is? After all, what is cold for Krishnan may be quite pleasant for Amir! (Page 29)
Answer:
To explain how cold it is, Krishnan would need to use a standard measurement like temperature in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. Krishnan and Amir may have different perceptions of ‘Cold’ because they live in different climate regions. Amir, coming from Kashmir, is used to much colder temperatures, while Krishnan, from Chennai, experiences a warmer climate.
Question 2.
Why do you think it would be important to measure atmospheric pressure? Who are the people most likely to use such measurements? (Page 35)
Answer:
Measuring atmospheric pressure is crucial because it helps predict weather changes, understand climate patterns and ensure safety in various fields. Changes in atmospheric pressure indicate upcoming weather conditions low pressure often signals storms, while high pressure suggests fair weather.
People who use atmospheric pressure measurements are:
- Meteorologists: For weather forecasting.
- Pilots and Air Traffic Controllers: For safe flight operations.
- Mountaineers and Divers: To prevent altitude or decompression sickness.
- Scientists and Researchers: For climate and environment studies.
- Engineers and Construction workers: To design and make stable structures.
Question 3.
People who journey to places at a high altitude are advised to make pauses on the way to allow the body to acclimatise. Our army personnel serve in high-altitude places like Khardung la in Ladakh, which is over 5600 metres above sea level. It is hard to imagine how they live and work in places where the oxygen levels is so low the atmospheric pressure there is generally about 650 millibars! (Page 35)
Answer:
At high altitudes, oxygen levels are low, making it difficult for people to breathe. Travellers are advised to ascend gradually to allow their bodies to acclimatise. Army personnel serving in such regions must adapt to these harsh conditions to perform their duties effectively.
Question 4.
Have you seen seeds like these flying the wind. What would happen to the seeds if there was no wind? (Page 36)
Answer:
If there was no wind, many seeds that rely on wind dispersal (such as pine seeds) would not spread to new areas. This would lead to overcrowding near the parent plant, reducing their chances of growth and survival.
Question 5.
If the humidity in Delhi is at 52% while in Kochi it is 84%, in which of the two places are wet clothes likely to dry faster? And where are you likely to sweat more, assuming the temperature is the same in both places? (Page 38)
Answer:
Clothes will dry faster in Delhi (52% humidity) compared to Kochi (84% humidity).
Reason:
- Higher humidity means more moisture in the air, making it harder for water to evaporate from clothes.
- In Kochi (84% humidity), the air is almost saturated with water vapour, so evaporation slows down significantly.
- In Delhi (52% humidity), although the air is still humid, it can absorb more moisture, allowing clothes to dry relatively faster.
Other factors like temperature and wind speed also affect drying time, but lower humidity generally helps clothes dry quicker.
In Kochi, the humidity is 84% which means the air is already holding a lot of moisture. When humidity is high sweat doesn’t evaporate easily from skin. In Delhi, with 52% humidity, sweat can evaporate faster, which helps your body cool down more effectively, so you may feel less sweaty even though the temperature is the same. So, due to high humidity, you will feel more sweaty in Kochi.
Let’s Explore
Question 1.
What are some of the words in your local language that you use to describe the weather? Hot, cold, warm, chilly, crisp, pleasant, and so on, are commonly used terms in English. (Page 28)
Answer:
In Hindi, various words are used to describe different weather conditions. Here are some common ones.
(i) Hot: गरम (Garam)
(ii) Cold: ठंडा (Thanda) सर्द (Sard)
(iii) Warm: गर्मीला (Garmila)
(iv) Crisp: ताजा और सुहावना (Taza aur Suhavna)
(v) Pleasant: सुहावना (Suhavna)
(vi) Humid: उमस भरा (Umas bhara)
(vii) Windy: तेज हवा वाला (Tez hawa wala)
(viii) Rainy: बारिश (Barish)
(ix) Foggy: कोहरा छाया हुआ (Kohra Chhaya hua)
(x) Stormy: तुफानी (Toofani)
(xi) Chilly: ठिठुरन भरा (Thithuran bhara)
(xii) Sunny: धूप वाला (Dhoop wala)
Question 2.
What do you think could be some other reasons to measure the weather more precisely? (Hint; Think how knowing the weather a few hours or a few days in advance would help you plan some activities.) (Page 29)
Answer:
Measuring weather precisely helps in forecasting extreme weather conditions, planning agricultural activities and ensuring travel and outdoor events.
Yes, accurate weather predictions help people plan their daily activities, such as scheduling outdoor events, preparing for storms, or adjusting clothing and travel plans accordingly.
Question 3.
Talk to elders in your neighbour-hood and ask them how they predict the weather. What signs do they observe? Document any sayings in your regional language that refer to weather predictions. (Page 30)
Answer:
Elders in many communities have traditional ways of predicting the weather based on natural signs. Here are some common observations and weather-related sayings in Hindi:
Signs observed by elders:
(i) Cloud Patterns: Dark, heavy clouds indicate rain and red sky in the evening suggests clear weather the next day.
(ii) Animal Behaviour: Ants moving in a line or gathering food actively suggest rain is coming and birds flying low indicate a storm or rain.
(iii) Wind and Temperature Changes: Sudden cool breeze before summer noon often signals a dust storm and a very hot morning in summer can mean a thunderstorm in the evening.
(iv) Smells in the Air: A strong earthy smell from the ground (before rain) suggests upcoming showers.
Hindi sayings on weather predictions
(i) “काली घटा छाए, पानी बरस जाए”
(Dark clouds appear, and rain follows)
(ii) “अगर मकोड़े घर में घुसें, समझो बारिश आने वाली है”
(If insects enter the house, expect rain soon)
(iii) “लाल सूरज संध्या में, बारिश होगी भोर में”
(A red sun in the evening means rain by morning)
(iv) “धूल भरी आंधी आई, समझो मौसम करवट बदल रहा है ”
(If a dust storm comes, the weather is about to change)
Question 4.
(a) Here’s a Chart of the temperatures ‘ of a city in Madhya Pradesh. What is the maximum temperature recorded in the week shown here? What is the minimum? Calculate the range. (Page 32)
| Date | Maximum Temperature (in °C) | Minimum Temperature (in °C) |
| 28.02.2025 | 29 | 16 |
| 01.03.2025 | 30 | 15 |
| 02.03.2025 | 31 | 17 |
| 03.03.2025 | 32 | 18 |
| 04.03.2025 | 30 | 17 |
| 05.03.2025 | 28 | 14 |
| 06.03.2025 | 29 | 15 |
Answer:
The maximum temperature is 32°C and the minimum temperature is 14°C.
The range of temperature is calculated as: Range = Maximum temperature – Minimum temperature = 32°C – 14°C = 18°C
So, the temperature range is 18°C.
(b) Remember the conversation between Krishnan and Amir? If Krishnan said it was 20°C in Chennai and he was feeling a little cold, he and Amir would have a measure they could understand. What do you think Amir’s reaction to Krishnan’s statement might be? (Page 33)
Answer:
- Amir’s reaction would depend on the usual climate of the place he is from. As Amir comes from a colder region, he might find Krishnan’s statement amusing or surprising. He could respond something like: “20°C and you are feeling cold? That’s quite warm for me.”
- On the other hand, if Amir is from a hotter place, he might relate to Krishnan’s feeling and say: “Yes, 20°C does feel a bit chilly compared to our usual weather.”
- This conversation highlights how perception of temperature varies depending on what a person is accustomed to.
Question 5.
Make a rain gauge as shown in the diagram above. Place the rain gauge in an open area, away from objects that might obstruct rain. Ensure that the rain gauge is on a flat surface and will not tilt or topple with the wind. Using the measuring scale, record the amount of rainwater collected at the same time every day, for a month. (If there is snow, allow it to melt before taking the measurement.) Calculate the average rainfall for every week in that month and comment on the variation from week to week. (Page 34)
Answer:
For students to attempt as directed.
- Keep the rain gauge in an open area, away from trees and buildings.
- If snow or frost is collected, melt it before measuring.
- Pour the collected water into a measuring cylinder.
- Record data of daily measurements and total them for monthly and annual rainfall records.
Question 6.
Where do you think humidity is likely to be more. Kochi or Jaipur? You might guess that Kochi has higher humidity than Jaipur because it is located near the sea. But how will we know for sure? If we had to compare the humidity level between Kochi and Mangaluru, how would we do it? Discuss with your classmates. (Page 37)
Answer:
- Kochi is likely to have higher humidity than Jaipur because it is located near sea, where water evaporates continuously, increasing moisture in the air. Jaipur, being in a desert region, has lower humidity.
- To confirm, we can measure humidity using a hygrometer, an instrument that determines the moisture content in the air.
- We can compare the relative humidity of both cities by collecting data from weather reports or using a hygrometer in both places. Since both cities are coastal, their humidity levels may be similar, but daily variations can be recorded to find the difference.
Question 7.
Discuss in pairs, different situations in which weather predictions are helpful. Make a list, and after you have completed it, share and discuss it with the pair sitting next to you. How many different categories of situations have you been able to identify? (Page 41)
Answer:
Whether predictions are useful in’ many ways:
- Farming: Helps farmers plan sowing, irrigation and protect crops from bad weather.
- Travel and Transport: Pilots, sailors and drivers can avoid storms, fog or heavy rains.
- Disaster Management: Helps in warning people about cyclones, floods or heat waves.
- Daily Life and Health: People can dress accordingly and stay safe from extreme weather.
- Tourism and Events: Tourists and organisers can plan trips or outdoor activities accordingly.
- Energy Management: Helps in balancing electricity demand and using solar/wind power efficiently.
After listing, compare with others and check how many categories you identified.
Question 8.
Look carefully at the map of India. This map was issued by the India Meteorological Department on 19th May 2024. Study the icons and connect them to the conditions shown on the map.
(a) What do you observe happening on that day? What are the various weather conditions that the IMD is alerting people to?
(b) Which states have warning signs?
(c) Which parts of India are likely to be free from severe weather?
(d) Which states are likely to face heat wave conditions?
(e) What are the causes for warning in Tripura and Lakshadweep? (Page 41)
Answer:
(a) On 19th May 2024, the Meteorological Department issued warnings for various weather conditions, such as, heatwaves, heavy rain, dust storms, thunderstorms, and strong winds in different parts of the country.
(b) The states shaded in red colour indicate a “Warning (Take Action)” sign. Based on the map, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Kerala and Tamil Nadu are among the states under severe weather warnings.
(c) No such state is seen that is likely to be free from any severe weather.
(d) States in under “Heatwave” symbols are facing heatwave conditions. Likely states include parts of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat, Bihar, West Bengal and Odisha.
(e) The warnings in Lakshadweep could be due to heavy rainfall, thunderstorms and strong winds as these areas are affected by pre-monsoon conditions and cyclonic activities. No severe warning is given to Tripura, it is advised to be watchful for any updates.
Don’t miss out
Question 1.
Can you think of a reason why rain arises from the sun? (Page 32)
Answer:
The sun’s heat causes evaporation of water from oceans, rivers, lakes and even soil. This water vapour rises into the air, cools down at higher altitudes, and condenses into clouds. When the clouds become heavy enough, the water falls back to the earth as rain.
So, even though the Sun seems far from rain, it’s actually the driving force behind the entire water cycle. Therefore’, we can say that rain arises from the Sun.
Class 7 SST Chapter 2 Understanding the Weather Question Answer (Exercise)
Questions and Activities (Page 42-43)
Question 1.
Match the instrument with the weather element it measures.
| Instrument used | Element of the Weather |
| (1) Hygrometer | (a) Precipitation |
| (2) Anemometer | (b) Atmospheric pressure |
| (3) Barometer | (c) Wind direction and speed |
| (4) Thermometer | (d) Humidity |
| (5) Rain gauge | (e) Temperature |
Answer:
| Instrument used | Element of the Weather |
| (1) Hygrometer | (d) Humidity |
| (2) Anemometer | (c) Wind direction and speed |
| (3) Barometer | (b) Atmospheric pressure |
| (4) Thermometer | (e) Temperature |
| (5) Rain Gauge | (a) Precipitation |
Question 2.
Jyotsna is deciding what clothes to pack for her school trip to Mumbai in June. She looks at the weather forecast, which predicts 29°C and 84% humidity. What would be your adxnce to her?
Answer:
Since Jyotsna is going to Mumbai in June and the weather forecast shows 29°C temperature with 85% humidity, here’s what I would advise her:
- Wear light, breathable clothes like cotton or linen to stay cool.
- Pack loose-fitting outfits to allow air circulation and reduce sweating.
- Carry a cap or sunhat and sunglasses to protect from the Sun.
- Carry a water bottle to stay hydrated.
- Use sun screen to avoid sunburn.
- Carry a handnapkin or a handkerchief to wipe off sweat.
- An umbrella or raincoat might be useful too, as June is the start of the monsoon season in Mumbai.
Question 3.
Imagine that a small group of students is setting up a rain gauge.
Here are some options for the site.
- The school vegetable garden.
- The terrace of the school building.
- Open ground with elevated platform
- Compound wall of school.
- Verandah of the school laboratory.
Discuss in your group and finalise the site. Write down the reasons for your decision.
Answer:
Based on the options provided in the image, the most suitable site to set up a rain gauge would be:
3 Open ground with elevated platform
Reasons:
- Unobstructed View of the Sky: Rain gauges should be placed in open areas to accurately collect rainfall without interference from roofs, trees, or walls. The open ground ensures that.
- Proper Drainage: An elevated platform helps prevent waterlogging around the gauge, which could otherwise affect the accuracy of the readings.
- Avoiding Splash and Wind Effect: Being elevated and away from walls reduces the chances of splashes or diverted rain due to wind hitting structures.
→ Why Other Options May Not Be Suitable:
- The school vegetable garden: Plants and overhanging branches might interfere with rain collection.
- The terrace of the school building: Wind at height can cause inaccurate readings or even tip over the gauge.
- Compound wall of the school: Too close to a vertical surface; may block rain or cause splashback.
- Verandah of the school laboratory: Likely to be covered or partially enclosed, which would prevent direct rain collection.
Question 4.
Below is a chart taken from IMD, Jammu and Kashmir. Looking at the data available, write a short script to report the weather conditions in different parts of Jammu and Kashmir on the date shown. (Hint: Cover the temperature range, maximum and minimum temperatures, humidity, precipitation, etc.)
Daily weather parameters jammu & kashmir (evening) date: 01-02-2024
Note: ACT means actual; NOR means normal; DEP is departure from normal; R/F is rainfall; S/N is snowfall; TR means trace amount.
Answer:
Good evening! Here’s the latest weather update for Jammu & Kashmir:
- Srinagar recorded a maximum temperature of 6.5°C, slightly below normal, with a minimum of 0.2°C. The relative humidity was 89% in the evening.
- Pahalgam remained chilly, with a maximum of 1.1 °C and a minimum of -4.1°C, with 19.4 mm rainfall recorded.
- Gulmarg was much colder with temperature ranging between -2.6°C and – 7.6°C, and a relative humidity level of 76% in the morning.
- Muzafarabad saw 25.8 mm of rainfall (precipitation), with temperature between 8.5°C and 5.6°C.
Most areas experienced cold conditions, with snowfall in higher altitudes and rain in the plains. Stay warm and take necessary precautions.