Students revise important topics using Class 8 SST Extra Questions and Class 8th SST Chapter 7 Factors of Production Important Extra Question Answer before exams.
Class 8 SST Chapter 7 Factors of Production Extra Questions
NCERT Class 8 Social Science Chapter 7 Extra Questions on Factors of Production
Factors of Production Class 8 Very Short Question Answer
Question 1.
What are factors of production?
Answer:
Factors of production are the inputs used to produce goods and services.
Question 2.
Name the four main factors of production.
Answer:
Land, Labour, Capital, and Entrepreneurship.
Question 3.
What is meant by ‘labour’ in economics?
Answer:
Labour means the physical and mental effort used in production.
Question 4.
Give one example of physical capital.
Answer:
A sewing machine used in a garment factory.
Question 5.
How does education improve human capital?
Answer:
Education gives people knowledge and skills to work better.
Question 6.
What is entrepreneurship?
Answer:
Entrepreneurship is the ability to start and run a new business.
Question 7.
Mention one way in which technology helps students today.
Answer:
Technology allows students to learn through online courses like SWAYAM.
Question 8.
Why is health important for human capital?
Answer:
Good health increases productivity and reduces absenteeism.
Question 9.
What is meant by ‘demographic dividend’?
Answer:
It is the economic benefit of having a large young working population.
Question 10.
What responsibility do businesses have towards natural resources?
Answer:
They must use natural resources sustainably and avoid pollution.
Factors of Production Class 8 Short Question Answer
Question 1.
How do businesses help people engage in economic activities through the use of factors of production?
Answer:
Businesses use inputs like land, labour, capital, and entrepreneurship to produce goods and services. While doing so, they create jobs and income opportunities for people, which helps them take part in economic activities.
Question 2.
Why is technology considered a facilitator in the production process? Explain with an example.
Answer:
Technology is considered a facilitator because it helps produce more goods and services using the same or fewer inputs by improving speed and efficiency.
Example: Using UPI (Unified Payments Interface) allows faster and easier payments, saving time and reducing effort for both customers and businesses.
Question 3.
What role does entrepreneurship play in connecting other factors of production?
Answer:
Entrepreneurs bring together land, labour, capital, and technology to produce goods or services. They identify a problem, take risks, make decisions, and create employment, turning an idea into a business.
Question 4.
Explain two responsibilities businesses have towards natural resources while producing goods.
Answer:
(i) Businesses must use natural resources like water, minerals, and land responsibly to avoid overuse or pollution.
(ii) They should adopt sustainable practices such as waste reduction and recycling to preserve the environment for future generations.
Question 5.
Give one example each of a labour-intensive and capital-intensive industry. Explain why they fall into those categories.
Answer:
Labour-intensive: Handicraft industry – because it requires skilled manual effort.
Capital-intensive: Automobile manufacturing – because it uses advanced machines and large investment in tools and infrastructure.
Factors of Production Class 8 Long Question Answer
Question 1.
How have Japan and Germany used cultural values to improve their economy and human capital? Explain with examples.
Answer:
Japan and Germany are good examples of how cultural values can help improve a country’s human capital and economy. In Japan, people follow a concept called Kaizen, which means “continuous improvement.” It teaches workers to always try to do better. This idea started in the 1940s and has helped Japan become more productive and improve the quality of life for its people. In Germany, cultural values such as punctuality, attention to detail, and hard work are taken very seriously. These values have helped Germany become a world leader in technology and manufacturing. Their workers are known for making high-quality products. Because of these strong cultural habits, people in both countries have become more skilled and productive. This has helped their businesses grow and made their countries stronger economically.
Question 2.
Describe the ancient Indian technique of stitched shipbuilding. How did it help in maritime trade and cultural exchange?
Answer:
Ancient Indians developed a special method of shipbuilding called stitched shipbuilding, which dates back more than 2000 years. In this method, wooden planks were stitched together using strong cords instead of using nails or metal. This unique technique made the ships flexible, which was very helpful while sailing on the rough waters of the Indian Ocean. Because these ships could handle the strong waves, Indians used them for maritime trade and cultural exchanges across the ocean. They traded goods like spices and textiles and also shared ideas, art, and traditions with other countries. This shows how smart and advanced ancient Indian technology was, and how it helped in building strong connections with other parts of the world.
Question 3.
Describe the process of mobile phone assembly in detail. How does each step help in making the final product?
Answer:
The process of mobile phone assembly includes several important steps. Each step plays a key role in making sure the phone is useful, good in quality, and ready to be sold. The steps are as follows:
- R&D Team Conceptualises New Features: The Research and Development (R&D) team thinks of new features and designs for the phone. This is the starting point of the process.
- Acquire Land and Set Up Factory: A suitable place is chosen, and a factory is built to make the phones.
- Acquire Raw Materials: Materials like chips, screens, batteries, and other parts are collected to make the phone.
- Assemble Components and Install Software: All the parts are joined together, and software is added so the phone can work.
- Test Phone (Functionality, Quality & Performance): Before selling, each phone is tested to make sure it works well and has no problems.
- Mass Production and Packaging: Once testing is complete, more phones are made in large numbers and packed properly.
- Distribution to Retail Stores: Finally, the phones are sent to shops so customers can buy them.
This step-by-step process ensures that the final mobile phone is ready, useful, and high in quality for the customers.
Question 4.
What responsibilities do businesses have towards their workers and society?
Answer:
Businesses have important responsibilities beyond making profits. Towards their workers, they must ensure fair wages and safe working conditions so that employees can work with dignity and security. They should also invest in skill development and training to help workers improve their knowledge and remain competitive in the job market. Additionally, businesses must follow laws that protect workplace rights, prevent discrimination, and provide benefits such as paid leave and healthcare. Apart from this, businesses also have a duty towards society and the environment. Through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), they try to reduce pollution, support local communities, and treat both employees and customers with respect. By fulfilling these responsibilities, businesses help build a fairer society and contribute to the well-being of people and nature.
Question 5.
Why is it important for businesses to balance profit-making with social responsibility? Explain with examples of how they can care for the environment, workers, and society.
Answer:
While making profit is important for any business to survive and grow, it is equally important for businesses to be socially responsible. This means caring for the environment, treating workers fairly, and contributing to the well-being of society.
For example, businesses should reduce pollution by using eco-friendly methods and recycling waste. They must pay workers fairly, ensure safe working conditions, and provide training. A company that dumps waste into rivers may make money today but causes long-term damage to nature and health. On the other hand, a company that invests in clean energy and skill development of workers helps build a better future. India made CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) a law in 2014, where companies must spend 2% of profits on social work. This ensures that businesses don’t just take from society but also give back.
Factors of Production Class 8 Source Based Questions
Question 1.
Read the following passages and answer the following Questions:
“For ancient Indians, work was a form of expressing their nature and striving for perfection, an offering to the deity or the receiver, as the case may be. It had to be created or done with devotion. The tools (a type of technology) used were worshipped; this tradition continues as Vishwakarma puja or Ayudha puja. So, creating products involved a unique blend of kala (art) and vidya (knowledge). Knowledge was passed on from generation to generation, and also built on. The shilpa shastras are ancient texts that contain detailed design guidelines on sculptures, paintings, buildings, wooden items, and jewellery. For example, texts on sculpture prescribe exact specifications regarding postures, colours, measurements, and proportions of figures.”
(i) When are the tools used for work worshipped as in Indian tradition?
Answer:
Tools are worshipped during Vishwakarma Puja or Ayudha Puja.
(ii) What role did art and knowledge play in creating products in ancient India?
Answer:
In ancient India, creating products involved a blend of kala (art) and vidya (knowledge). Work was seen as an offering done with devotion, combining creativity with precise knowledge passed down through generations.
(iii) What is Shilpa Shastras, and what do they contain?
Answer:
Shilpa Shastras are ancient Indian texts that provide detailed design guidelines for making sculptures, paintings, buildings, wooden items, and jewellery. They include precise rules on postures, colours, measurements, and proportions of figures.
Question 2.
“A variety of online courses are available to students through Government platforms like SWAYAM (Study Webs of Active Learning for Young Aspiring Minds), which offers courses for Grade 9 onwards and operates on Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) through which learners can explore subjects like robotics, aquaculture, textile printing, and so on that are free of cost.
Students benefit from learning at their own pace, from anywhere, while pursuing other jobs or courses. Online portals, like the Government’s National Career Service, help people find job opportunities across various sectors, from plumbing to accounting. This is how technology has eliminated geographical barriers, allowing people access to knowledge, skill development and jobs in India and abroad.”
(i) What is the full form of SWAYAM?
Answer:
Study Webs of Active Learning for Young Aspiring Minds.
(ii) How do platforms like SWAYAM benefit students?
Answer:
SWAYAM offers free online courses through MOOCs, allowing students to learn at their own pace, from any location, and even while doing other jobs or courses. It provides access to subjects like robotics, aquaculture, and textile printing.
(iii) How has technology helped people find jobs and develop skills, according to the passage?
Answer:
Technology has eliminated geographical barriers, enabling access to knowledge, skills, and job opportunities. Government portals like National Career Service connect people with jobs in sectors ranging from plumbing to accounting, even across borders.
Factors of Production Class 8 Picture Based Questions
Question 1.
Observe the below image and answer the following questions:
(i) Who is shown in the image?
Answer:
The person shown in the image is J.R.D. Tata.
(ii) Mention two contributions of J.R.D. (Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy) Tata to India’s industrial development.
Answer:
J.R.D. Tata founded India’s first airline, Tata Airlines, in 1932, and expanded the Tata Group into steel, cars, power, and chemicals, helping modernize India’s economy.
(iii) What values did J.R.D. Tata believe a business should uphold?
Answer:
J.R.D. Tata believed that a business should not only earn profits but also serve society and care for workers by ensuring good working conditions and ethical practices.
Class 8 Factors of Production Extra Questions for Practice
I. Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
Which of the following is a natural resource used in production?
(a) Computer
(b) Factory
(c) Mineral
(d) Truck
Question 2.
Who is responsible for bringing all factors of production together?
(a) Teacher
(b) Entrepreneur
(a) Labourer
(d) Customer
Question 3.
What helps human capital improve over time?
(a) Pollution
(b) Deforestation
(c) Education and training
(d) Shopping
Question 4.
What happens when technology is used in production?
(a) Work becomes slower
(b) Costs always increase
(c) More workers are needed
(d) Production becomes faster and better
Question 5.
There are two statement in each question marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose your answer as per the options given below:
Assertion (A): Capital includes money and man-made tools used for production.
Reason (R): Capital is the same as natural resources like forests and water.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.
(d) (A) is wrong but (R) is correct.
II. Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Why’is technology called a facilitator in the production process?
Question 2.
What does the term ‘kaizen’ mean, and which country is it associated with?
Question 3.
How does 3-D printing help preserve traditional textile art forms?
Question 4.
Give one example of how careless production can harm the environment.
III. Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What are the three key ways through which education helps in developing human capital? Explain briefly.
Question 2.
Why is fair compensation important for workers, and how does it impact productivity?
Question 3.
How does the supply chain affect the production process? Give one real-life example.
Question 4.
List any three government or digital platforms that help people gain skills or find jobs in India. Mention their purpose.
IV. Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Explain how businesses can fulfil their responsibilities towards natural resources. Why is it important for them
to follow sustainable practices?
Question 2.
Describe the impact of technology on learning and job opportunities in India. Give examples of government initiatives that use technology in this context.
Question 3.
What is a demographic dividend? How can India take advantage of it to improve living standards and grow its
economy?
Question 4.
How do entrepreneurs contribute to society and the economy? Mention any four key roles they play in the production process.