CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 History Set 1 with Solutions

Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 History with Solutions and marking scheme Set 1 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 History Set 1 with Solutions

Time : 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions :

1. Question paper comprises five Sections – A, B, C, D and E. There are 34 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.
2. Section A – Question 1 to 21 are MCQs of 1 mark each.
3. Section B – Question no. 22 to 27 are Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 60-80 words.
4. Section C – Question no. 28 to 30 are Long Answer Type Questions, carrying 8 marks each. Answer
   to each question should not exceed 300-350 words
5. Section D – Question no. 31 to 33 are Source Based Questions with three sub-questions and are of 4 marks each.
6. Section-E – Question no. 34 is Map-based, carrying 5 marks that includes the identification and location of significant test items. Attach the map with the answer book.
7. There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.
8. In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary.

Section – A (21×1=21 Marks)
Objective Type Questions

Question 1.
Which one of the following was the main demand of the Khilafat movement? [1]
(a) Dominion status for India
(b) Self-rule to India
(c) Restoration of Caliphate of Turkey
(d) Revival of orthodox culture of Islam
Answer:
(c) Restoration of the Caliphate of Turkey

Question 2.
Which of the following issues did not contribute to the spread of the Revolt of 1857? [1]
(a) Issue of cartridges
(b) Conversion of Indians to Christianity
(c) Mixing of bone dust in flour
(d) Given due right to the princely states
Answer:
(c) Given due right to the princely states

Question 3.
Who among the following was the best-known ruler of the Satavahana Dynasty? [1]
(a) Yagnasri Satakami
(b) Simuka Satakami
(c) Gautami-putra Siri- Satakami
(d) Vashishtiputra Satakami
Answer:
(c) Gautami-putra Siri- Satakami

Question 4.
Identify the picture from the given options: [1]

(a) Terracotta figure of a Satavahana ruler.
(b) Ashoka fighting Kalinga war.
(c) Terracotta figure depicting a scene from Mahabharata (West Bengal).
(d) A sculpture depicting Krishna advising Arjuna.
Answer:
(c) Terracotta figure depicting a scene from Mahabharata (West Bengal).

Question 5.
Fill in the blanks. [1]
Ashoka erected a pillar at ____________ to mark that he had visited that place.
(a) Samath
(b) Sanchi
(c) Bodh Gaya
(d) Lumbini
Answer:
(d) Lumbini

Question 6.
Consider the following statements regarding Harappan Culture and choose the correct option. [1]
(i) The most unique feature was the development of urban centres.
(ii) The settlements were divided into two sections i.e. the citadel and the lower town.
(iii) The drainage system was ordinary and unplanned.
(iv) Roads were not laid out along a grid pattern.
Options:
(a) Only (i) is correct.
(b) Only (i) and (ii) are correct.
(c) Only (ii) and (iii) are correct.
(d) Only (iii) and (iv) are correct.
Answer:
(b) Only (i) and (ii) are correct.

Question 7.
There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). [1]
Mark your answer as per the codes given below.
Assertion (A): Asoka inscribed his messages to his subjects and officials on stone surfaces.
Reason (R): He wanted to proclaim what religion should be followed by all.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer:
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false

Question 8.
Identify the craft centres related to the Harappan Civilisation with the help of the given information. [1]

• Both are near the coast.
• They were specialised for making shell objects.

Options:
(a) Chanhudaro and Mohenjo-daro
(b) Nageshwar and Balakot
(c) Harappa and Lothal
(d) Bharuch and Dholavira
Answer:
(b) Nageshwar and Balakot

Question 9.
Who wrote the book Kitab-ul-Hind? [1]
(a) Ibn Battuta
(b) Al-Biruni
(c) Francois Bernier
(d) Abdul Razzaq
Answer:
(b) Al- Biruni

Question 10.
Choose the correct option from the following statements with reference to the Magadha Empire. [1]
(a) Initially, Pataliputra was the capital of Magadha.
(b) Chandragupta was one of the early rulers of Magadha who ruled in 6 BC.
(c) Magadha became the most powerful Mahajanapada in 6 BC.
(d) Ashoka was the founder of Mauryan dynasty.
Answer:
(c) Magadha became the most powerful Mahajanapada in 6 BC.

Question 11.
Read the following statements carefully and identify the place where this Dargah is located from the given options.
(i) It is a Dargah of the Shaikh Moinuddin Chishti. [1]
(ii) Akbar visited this place many times.
(a) Delhi
(b) Mehrauli
(c) Ajmer
(d) Fatehpur Sikri
Answer:
(c) Ajmer

Question 12.
Which one of the following countries was the source of cotton after the break of the American Civil War in 1861? [1]
(a) America
(b) Africa
(c) India
(d) Sri Lanka
Answer:
(c) India

Question 13.
Match the list 1 with list 2 and select the correct pair by using the codes given below. [1]

List 1	List 2
a. Lord Cornwallis	1. Observer
b. Augustus Cleveland	2. Economist
c. Francis Buchanan	3. Governor General of Bengal
d. David Ricardo	4. Policy of Pacification

Options:
(a) 2, 2, 4, 3
(b) 3, 1, 2, 4
(c) 3, 4, 1,2
(d) 2, 4, 4,1
Answer:
(c) 3, 4, 1, 2

Question 14.
Who among the following led the flag of the Revolt of 1857 against the British in Bihar? [1]
(a) Nana Sahib
(b) Maulvi Ahmadullah
(c) Kunwar Singh
(d) Birjis Qadr
Answer:
(c) Kunwar Singh

Question 15.
The ___________ was the amount assessed and ___________ was the amount collected by the Mughal Kings as land revenue. [1]
Choose the correct answer from the given options.
(a) Iqta, Jagir
(b) Jama, Hasil
(c) Naqdi, Iqta
(d) Zabti, Jama
Answer:
(b) Jama, Hasil

Question 16.
Who among the following travelled in the Vijayanagara Empire in the 15th century and was greatly impressed by the fortification of the Vijayanagara? [1]
(a) Duarte Barbosa
(b) Colin Mackenzie
(c) Abdul Razzak
(d) Domingo Paes
Answer:
(c) Abdul Razzak

Question 17.
Abul Fazl was a court historian of which of the following Mughal Emperor?
(a) Humayun
(b) Akbar
(c) Babur
(d) Jahangir
Answer:
(b) Akbar

Question 18.
Fill in the blanks from the given options:
Dussehra festival was held with great prestige and power at __________ the Vijayanagara Empire. [1]
(a) Hazara Rama Temple
(b) Virupaksha Temple
(c) Lotus Mahal
(d) Mahanavami Dibba
Ans.
(d) Mahanavami Dibba

Question 19.
Why was the task of defining minority rights in the Constituent Assembly difficult? Choose the correct option from the following: [1]
(a) Different groups had different demands regarding rights.
(b) British did not want to include it in the constitutional framework.
(c) Gandhiji opposed the idea of special rights for some sections.
(d) Rights of people in princely states were ambiguous.
Answer:
(a) Different groups had different demands regarding rights.

Question 20.
Identify the name of the person from the information given below. [1]
(a) He was bom at Tangier in one of the most respectable and educated family.
(b) He considered experience gained through travel as a source of knowledge than books.
(c) He had travelled to the Middle East and few trading ports on the coast of East Africa.
(d) He wrote a book named Rihla.
Options:
(a) Ibn Battuta
(b) Francois Bernier
(c) Al-Biruni
(d) Domingo Paes
Answer:
(a) Ibn Battuta

Question 21.
Gandhiji asked for the remission of taxes for the peasants in which of the following movements? [1]
(a) Rowlatt Satyagraha
(b) Champaran Satyagraha
(c) Kheda Satyagraha
(d) Salt Satyagraha
Answer:
(c) Kheda Satyagraha

Section – B (6×3=18 Marks)
Short Answer Type Questions

Question 22.
Describe any three features of the burial sites in Harappa? [3]
OR
Describe any three features of the ‘Great Bath’ used in the Harappan settlements.
Answer:

1. At burials in Harappan sites, the dead were generally laid in pits. Sometimes, there were hollowed out spaces lined with bricks.
2. Some graves contained pottery and ornaments perhaps indicating life after death.
3. Jewellery has been found in burials of both men and women. In some instances, the dead were buried with copper mirrors.
4. Findings in the Harappan burial sites concludes that archaeologists could not trace enormous quantities of wealth buried along with the dead.

OR

1. The Great Bath was a large rectangular tank in a courtyard surrounded by a corridor on all four sides.
2. There were two flights of steps on the north and south leading into the tank, which was made watertight by setting bricks on edge and using a mortar of gypsum.
3. There were rooms on three sides, in one of which was a large well. Water from the tank flowed into a huge drain.
4. Across a lane to the north lay a smaller building with eight bathrooms, four on each side of a corridor, with drains from each bathroom connecting to a drain that ran along the corridor.
5. The uniqueness of the structure has led scholars to suggest that it was meant for a special ritual bath.

Question 23.
Critically examine the limitations of the inscriptional evidence in understanding political and economic history of India. [3]
Answer:

1. Although several thousand inscriptions have been discovered, not all have been deciphered, published and translated.
2. Many more inscriptions must have existed, which have not survived the ravages of time. Thus, what we have currently is probably only a fraction of what was originally inscribed.
3. There is another problem: noteverything that we may consider politically or economicallysignificant was necessarily recorded in inscriptions. For instance, routine agricultural practices and the joys and sorrows of daily existence find no mention in inscriptions.
4. From the mid-twentieth century onwards, issues such as economic change, and the ways in which different social groups emerged have assumed far more importance for the historians which led to fresh investigations of old sources, and the development of new strategies of analysis. Thus, the inscriptions had limitations in interpreting the political and economic history of India.

Question 24.
“India had unique system of communication during the 14th century”. Examine the statement made by Ibn Battuta. [3]
Answer:

1. The Moroccan traveller, Ibn Battuta was amazed by the efficiency of the communication system present in the 14th century in India.
2. He described that the postal system which allowed merchants to not only send information and remit credit across long distances, but also to dispatch goods required at short notice.
3. According to him, the Indian postal system was of two kinds- The horse-post, called uluq, was run by royal horses stationed at a short distance of every four miles and the other was the foot-post, called dawa, had three stations per mile.
4. The postal system was so efficient that while it took fifty days to reach Delhi from Sind, the news reports of spies would reach the Sultan through the postal system in just five days.

Question 25.
Analyse the main features of Amara-nayaka system which was introduced in the Vijayanagara Empire. [3]
Answer:

1. The Amara-nayaka system was a major political innovation of the Vijayanagara Empire. It is likely that many features of this system were derived from the iqta system of the Delhi Sultanate.
2. The Amara-nayakas were military commanders who were given territories to govern by the Raya. They collected taxes and other dues from peasants, crafts persons and traders in the area. They retained part of the revenue for personal use and for maintaining a stipulated contingent of horses and elephants.
3. These contingents provided the Vijayanagara kings with an effective fighting force with which they brought the entire southern peninsula under their control. Some of the revenue was also used for the maintenance of temples and irrigation works.
4. The Amara-nayakas sent tribute to the king annually and personally appeared in the royal court with gifts to express their loyalty. Kings occasionally asserted their control over them by transferring them from one place to another.

Question 26.
“The Burdwan auction had a strange twist and was considered as a big public event in 1797.” Explain the statement. [3]
Answer:

1. The East India Company had fixed the revenue that each zamindar had to pay. The estates of those who failed to pay, were to be auctioned to recover the revenue. Since the Raja of Burdwan had failed to pay the revenue, his estates had been put up for auction.
2. Numerous purchasers came to the auction and the estates were sold to the highest bidder. But the Collector soon discovered a strange twist to the tale.
3. He found that many of the purchasers were servants and agents of Raja who had bought the lands on behalf of their master. Over 95 percent of the sale at the auction was fictitious.
4. The Raja’s estates had been publicly sold, but he remained in control of his zamindari. This incident was a strange twist in the auction of the estates of Raja of Burdwan.

Question 27.
The relationship of the sepoys with the superior white officers underwent a significant change in the years preceding the uprising of 1857.” Support the statement with examples. [3]
OR
“A cherry that will drop into our mouth one day”, who made this remark?
Explain the series of events that eventually led the cherry to fall into the mouth of the British.
Answer:
The relationship of the sepoys with their superior white officers underwent a significant change in the years preceding the uprising of 1857.

1. In the 1820s, white officers made it a point to maintain friendly relations with the sepoys. They would take part in their leisure activities- they wrestled with them, fenced with them and went out hawking with them. Many of them were fluent in Hindustani and were familiar with the customs and culture of the country. These officers were disciplinarian and father figure rolled into one.
2. In the 1840s, this began to change. The officers developed a sense of superiority and started treating the sepoys as their racial inferiors, riding roughshod over their sensibilities.
3. Abuse and physical violence became common and thus the distance between sepoys and officers grew. Trust was replaced by suspicion and the episode of the greased cartridges was a classic example of this.
4. The fears of the sepoys about the new cartridge, their grievances about leave, their grouse about the increasing misbehaviour and racial abuse on the part of their white officers were communicated back to the villages.

OR

In 1851, Governor General Lord Dalhousie made this remark about the kingdom of Awadh.

1. Five years later, in 1856, the kingdom was formally annexed to the British Empire. The conquest happened in stages.
2. The Subsidiary Alliance had been imposed on Awadh in 1801. As per the terms of this alliance, the Nawab had to disband his military force allowed the British to position their troops within the kingdom and act in accordance with the advice of the British Resident.
3. Deprived of his armed forces, the Nawab became increasingly dependent on the British to maintain law and order within the kingdom. Finally, he was dethroned and exiled to Calcutta on the plea that the region was being misgoverned.

Section – C (3 ×8=24 Marks)
Long Answer Type Questions

Question 28.
The Mahabharata is an invaluable source available to historians to study social practices and norms in early societies. Justify the statement. [8]
OR
Examine the elements analysed by the historians on the text of Mahabharata.
Answer:

1. Mahabharata a dynamic epic, contains vivid descriptions of battles, forests, palaces and settlements.
2. Its growth was not hindered by its language.
3. Over the centuries it has been written in many languages of the world.
4. It depicts an on-going dialogue between the people and communities on the one hand and the authors on the other hand.
5. It incorporated many stories that originated in different regions.
6. At the same time, the central story of the epic was often retold in different ways.
7. Many episodes of this text had been depicted in sculptures and paintings.
8. They also provided a wide range of themes and performing arts like plays, dance and other kind of narrations.

OR

1. Historians often use textual traditions or content of text to understand the processes. Some texts lay down norms of social behaviour; others describe and occasionally comment on a wide range of social situations and practices.
2. They can also catch a glimpse of some social actors from the- inscriptions. As each text and inscription was written from the perspective of specific social categories, we need to keep in mind who composed what and for whom and when (the authors, the time and period).
3. They also need to consider the language used, and the ways in which the text circulated. Used carefully, texts allow us to piece together attitudes and practices that shaped social histories.
4. Two things became apparent- there were several common elements in the Sanskrit versions of the story, evident in manuscripts found all over the subcontinent. Also evident were enormous regional variations in the ways in which the text had been transmitted over the centuries. These variations were documented in footnotes and appendices to the main text.
5. The understanding of these processes is derived primarily from texts written in Sanskrit.
6. When issues of social history were explored for the first time by historians in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, they tended to take these texts at face value- believing that everything that was laid down in these texts was practised. Subsequently, scholars began. Studying other traditions, from works in Pali, Prakrit and Tamil.
7. These studies indicated that the ideas contained in normative Sanskrit texts were overall recognised as authoritative and important. These elements were considered by historians while examining the text for reconstructing the social histories.

Question 29.
Examine the evidence that suggests land revenue was important for the Mughal Fiscal system. [8]
OR
Explain the condition of zamindars in Mughal agrarian society.
Answer:
1. Revenue from the land was the economic mainstay of the Mughal Empire. It was therefore vital for the state to create an administrative apparatus to ensure control over agricultural production, and to fix and collect revenue from across the length and breadth of the rapidly expanding empire.

2. This apparatus included the office (daftar) of the diwan who was responsible for supervising the fiscal system of the empire.

3. Revenue officials and record keepers penetrated the agricultural domain and became a decisive agent in shaping agrarian relations.

4. The Mughal state tried to first acquire specific information about the extent of the agricultural lands in the empire and what these lands produced before fixing the burden of taxes on people.

5. The land revenue arrangements consisted of two stages- first, assessment and then actual collection. The jama was the amount assessed, as opposed to Hasil, the amount collected.

6. Akbar decreed that while he should strive to make cultivators pay in cash, the option of payment in kind was also to be kept open. While fixing revenue, the attempt of the state was to maximise its claims.

7. Both cultivated and cultivable lands were measured in each province. The Ain compiled the aggregates of such lands during Akbar’s rule.

8. Efforts to measure lands continued under subsequent emperors. For instance, in 1665, Aurangzeb expressly instructed his revenue officials to prepare annual records of the number of cultivators in each village. Yet not all areas were measured successfully.

OR

1. The zamindars who were landed proprietors also enjoyed certain social and economic privileges by virtue of their superior status in rural society.

2. Caste was one factor that accounted for the elevated status of zamindars; another factor was that they performed certain services (khidmat) for the state.

3. The zamindars held extensive personal lands termed milkiyat, meaning property. Milkiyat lands were cultivated for the private use of zamindars, often with the help of hired or servile labour. They could sell, bequeath, or mortgage these lands at will.

4. The Zamindars also derived their power from the fact that they could often collect revenue on behalf of the state, a service for which they were compensated financially. Control over military resources was another source of power. Most zamindars had fortresses (qilachas) as well as an armed contingent comprising units of cavalry, artillery, and infantry.

5. Thus if we visualise social relations in the Mughal countryside as a pyramid, zamindars clearly constituted its very narrow apex. Abul Fazl’s account indicates that an “upper-caste”, Brahmana Rajput combine had already established firm control over rural society. It also reflects a fairly large representation from the so-called intermediate castes, as well as a liberal sprinkling of Muslim zamindaris.

6. Contemporary documents give the impression that conquest may have been the source of the origin of some zamindaris. The dispossession of weaker people by a powerful military chieftain was quite often a way of expanding a zamindari.

7. It is, however, unlikely that the state would have allowed such a show of aggression by a zamindar unless he had been confirmed by an imperial order (sanad).

8. More important were the slow processes of zamindari consolidation, which are also documented in sources. This involved colonisation of new lands, by transfer of rights, by order of the state and by purchase. These were the processes which perhaps permitted people belonging to the relatively “lower” castes to enter the rank of zamindars as zamindaris were bought and sold quite briskly in this period.

Question 30.
“The Quit India Movement genuinely a mass movement.” Justify the statement. [8]
OR
Examine the different kinds of sources from which the political career of Gandhiji and the history of the
National Movement could be reconstructed.
Answer:
“Quit India” was genuinely a mass movement as it brought into its ambit hundreds of thousands of ordinary IndiAnswer:It especially energised the young who, in very large numbers, left their colleges to go to jail. This can be understood with the following points:
1. Wide Participation: The Quit India Movement, launched in August 1942, saw participation from various sections of Indian society. Not only did established political leaders endorse it, but students, labourers, farmers, and others actively joined the protests.

2. Spontaneity: Unlike some of the earlier movements that had structured programs and leadership, the Quit India Movement was more spontaneous, especially after the British swiftly arrested major Congress leaders. This spontaneity and the resultant leaderless upsurges in various regions demonstrate the mass nature of the movement.

3. Geographical Spread: Protests and demonstrations associated with the Quit India Movement occurred across the length and breadth of India, from large cities to remote villages.

4. Establishment of Parallel Governments: In several districts, such as Satara in the west and Medinipur in the east, parallel governments (prati sarkars) were set up with volunteer corps (seba dais) and village units (tufan dais).

5. Diverse Methods of Protest: The movement saw a range of protest methods – from peaceful demonstrations and non-cooperation to more aggressive actions, such as sabotage of rail tracks, communication systems and government buildings.

6. Participation of Women: The movement saw significant participation from women, further showcasing its mass appeal. Women took part in processions, picketing, and other forms of protest.

7. Broad Support: Even though some political groups, like the Muslim League and the Communist Party, didn’t actively support the movement, many individuals from these groups and others joined in the protests, indicating a wider, more genuine mass appeal.

8. Intense British Crackdown: The intense response from the British, including widespread arrests, shootings, and fines, indicated the threat they perceived from the movement’s mass character.

OR

There are many different kinds of sources from which we can reconstruct the political career of Gandhiji and the history of the nationalist movement.
1. Speeches, Letters and Journals: One important source is the writings and speeches of Mahatma Gandhi and his contemporaries, including both his associates and his political adversaries. Speeches, for instance, allow us to hear the public voice of an individual, while private letters give us a glimpse of his or her private thoughts. Gandhiji regularly published the letters that others wrote to him in his journal, Harijan. Jawaharlal Nehru edited a collection of letters written to him during the national movement and published as ‘A Bunch of Old Letters’.

2. Autobiographies: Autobiographies similarly give us an account of the past that is often rich in human detail. But here again we have to be careful of the way we read and interpret autobiographies. We need to remember that they are retrospective accounts written very often from memory.

3. Government Records: Another vital source is government records, for the colonial rulers kept close tabs on those they regarded as critical of the government. The letters and reports written by policemen and other officials were secret at the time; but now can be accessed in archives.

4. Newspapers: One more important source is contemporary newspapers, published in English as well as in the different Indian languages, which tracked Mahatma Gandhi’s movements and reported on his activities, and also represented what ordinary Indians thought of him. Newspaper accounts, however, should not be seen as unprejudiced. They were published by people who had their own political opinions and world views.

Section – D (3×4=12 Marks)
Source Based Questions

Question 31.
Read the following source carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The World Beyond the Palace Just as the Buddha’s teachings were compiled by his followers, the teachings of Mahavira were also recorded by his disciples. These were often in the form of stories, which could appeal to ordinary people. Here is one example, from a Prakrit text known as the Uttaradhyayana Sutta, describing how a queen named Kamalavati tried to persuade her husband to renounce the world: If the whole world and all its treasures were yours, you would not be satisfied, nor would all this be able to save you. When you die, O king and leave all things behind, dhamma alone, and nothing else, will save you. As a bird dislikes the cage, so do I dislike (the world). I shall live as a nun without offspring, without desire, without the love of gain, and without hatred …Those who have enjoyed pleasures and renounced them, move about like the wind, and go wherever they please, unchecked like birds in their flight … Leave your large kingdom … abandon what pleases the senses, be without attachment and property, then practise severe penance, being firm of energy….

31.1 Identify the person who persuaded the king to renounce the world.
Answer:
The queen Kamalavati persuaded the king to renounce the world.

31.2 “Oh king, dhamma alone and nothing else will save you.” What does the word “dhamma” signify and whose teachings were followed by the disciples?
Answer:
Dhamma refers to “the truth” that can save one, nothing else. The Mahavira’s teachings were followed by the disciple.

31.3 Under which context the following statement “unchecked like birds in their flight. . was told by the disciple of Mahavira?
Answer:
One who has left the worldly pleasures, will flow like a wind and fly like a bird without any worries. He wanted people to detach from everything let go of what gives pleasures and creates desire.

Question 32.
Read the source given below carefully and answer the questions that follow: A demon? [4]
This is an excerpt from a poem by Karaikkal Ammaiyar in which she describes herself: The female Pey (demoness) with . . . bulging veins, protruding eyes, white teeth and shrunken stomach, red haired and jutting teeth lengthy shins extending till the ankles, shouts and wails while wandering in the forest. This is the forest of Alankatu, which is the home of our father (Shiva) who dances … with his matted hair thrown own in all eight directions, and with cool limbs.

32.1. How beauty has been personified by Karaikkal Ammaiyar?
Answer:
Karaikal Ammaiyar personified beauty as “Pey” or Demoness”.

32.2. “Bulging veins, protruding eyes, white teeth and shrunken stomach”, “Shouts and wails”. State the reason behind the poet’s condition in the excerpt given.
Answer:
The poet was mad as she was shouting and wailing in the devotion of Lord Shiva. She was desperately searching for Him in Alankatu and hence her appearance has become “Bulging veins, protruding eyes, white teeth and shrunken stomach.”

32.3. Examine the phrase “With his matted hair thrown in all eight directions.”
Answer:
The phrase infers Lord Shiva dancing in Alankadu where in, his matted hair was thrown in all eight directions while dancing with his limbs freely moving in the air.

Question 33.
Read the following source carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
“The British element is gone, but they have left the mischief behind,” Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel said: It is no use saying that we ask for separate electorates because it is good for us. We have heard it long enough. We have heard it for years, and as a result of this agitation we are now a separate nation . . . Can you show me one free country where there are separate electorates? If so, I shall be prepared to accept it. But in this unfortunate country if this separate electorate is going to be persisted in, even after the division of the country, woe betide the country; it is not worth living in. Therefore, I say, it is not for my good alone, it is for your own good that I say it, forget the past. One day, we may be united . . . The British element is gone, but they have left the mischief behind. We do not want to perpetuate that mischief. (Hear, hear). When the British introduced this element, they had not expected that they will have to go so soon. They wanted it for their easy administration. That is all right. But they have left the legacy behind. Are we to get out of it or not?

33.1. “They have left a legacy behind”. Who is referred as ‘They’ in this statement?
Answer:
The British are referred as ‘They’ in the given statement.

33.2. What do you infer from the statement ‘They have left the legacy behind. Are we to get out of it or not?
Answer:
The British did not want Indians to be united. They applied divide and rule policy for their easy administration and created a division which had affected the life of the people/ entire nation. Hence, the need to get out of it was insisted.

33.3. Identify the ultimate message stressed by Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel in his speech.
Answer:
Sardar Patel was urging the people not to adopt the legacy left behind by the British called ‘separation’/’divide and rule policy’.

Section – E (1×5=5 Marks)
Map Based Questions

Question 34.1.
On the given political map of India, locate and label the following with appropriate symbols: [5]
(i) Kalibangan, a Harappan site
(ii) Agra, a territory under Babur, Akbar, and Aurangzeb
(iii) Sanchi, a Buddhist site.
OR
Ajanta, a Buddhist site

Question 34.2.
On the same outline map, two places have been marked as A and B, which are the centres of Indian National Movement. Identify them and write their correct names on the lines drawn near them.

Answer: